G

gabb, n. mocking, mockery.

gabba (), v. to mock, make game of one (g. e-n).

gadda (), v. to gore, spike.

gadda-kylfa, f. club with spikes.

gaddan, n. a kind of headgear (rare).

gadd-hjalt, n. a sword-guard ending in sharp points.

gaddr (-s, -ar), m. (1) goad, spike; fig., var mjök í gadda slegit, at, it was all but settled that; (2) hard snow.

gafl, m. gable, gable-end.

gaflak, n. ‘gavelock’, javelin, dart.

gafl-hlað, n. gable-end (= gafl-veggr).

gaflok, n. = gaflak.

gafl-stokkr, m. gable-beam; -veggr, m. gable-wall = -hlað.

gagarr, m. dog (rare).

gag-háls, a. with the neck thrown back (hirtir gaghálsir).

gagl, n. small goose, gosling; bird; -bjartr, a. bright as a goose; -viðr, m. ‘bird-wood’.

gagn, n. (1) advantage, use; verða e-m at gagni, to be of use to one; er eigi mun vera g. í, that will be of no use; (2) produce, revenue, esp. of land; (3) domestic utensils; (4) luggage; (5) victory; hafa (fá) g., to have (gain) the victory; (6) pl. gögn, proofs, evidence.

gagna (), v. to be of use to one (gagna e-m) or for something; refl., gagnast, to avail, be of use.

gagn-auðigr, a. very productive (of land); well stored (bú gagnauðigt).

gagn-dagar, see ‘gangdagar’.

gagn-dyrt, a. n. with doors opposite one another.

gagn-fœriligr, -fœrr, a. penetrable, penetrating.

gagn-gört, a. n., only in the phrase, á -gört, straight.

gagn-hollr, a. mutually kind.

gagn-hræddr, a. much frightened.

gagn-kvoð, f. counter-summons.

gagn-lauss, a. useless, of no use (hann var g. flestum mönnum).

gagn-leið, gagn-leiði, n. short cut.

gagn-mæli, n. gainsaying.

gagn-orðr, a. speaking to the point, hitting the mark.

gagn-samligr, a. useful, profitable; -samr, a. beneficent, kind, hospitable (-samr við menn); -semd, f. hospitality, readiness to help.

gagn-sénn, pp. = -sær.

gagn-skorinn, pp. (1) cut through; (2) carved all over.

gagns-maðr, m. useful (beneficent) man; -munir, m. pl. useful things; veita e-m -muni, to help one.

gagn-staða, f. resistance; -staðligr, a. contrary, opposed to (e-u).

gagn-stigr, m. short cut.

gagn-stœðligr, a. = -staðligr.

gagnstöðu-flokkr, m. adverse party; -maðr, m. adversary, opponent.

gagn-sær, a. transparent (glerit er gagn-sætt).

gagn-sök, f. counter-action, countercharge.

gagn-tak, n. saddle-strap.

gagn-vart, prep. with dat. and adv., over against (sitja -vart e-m).

gagn-vegr, m. short cut, = -leið.

gagn-vert, prep. with dat. and adv., over against, opposite (to).

gagn-vænligr, a. profitable.

gala (gel; gól, gólum; galinn), v. (1) to crow (of a cock), cry, scream; (2) to sing, chant; g. galdra yfir e-m, to chant magic songs over one; afl gól hann Ásum, he chanted strength into the Æsir.

gal, n. screaming, howling.

galdr (gen. -rs, pl. -rar), m. (1) magic song, charm (gala, kveða galdra yfir e-m); (2) pl. witchcraft, sorcery (galdrar ok görningar).

galdra-bók, n. book of magic; -fullr, a. full of sorcery; -hríð, f. magic storm; -kind, f. foul witch; -kona, f. witch, sorceress; -list, f. magic art; -læti, n. pl. magical mummeries; -maðr, m. wizard; -raumr, m. great sorcerer; -smiðr, m. sorcerer.

galdr-ligr, a. magical.

galeið (pl. galeiðr and galeiðir), f. galley.

galinn, pp. (1) enchanted; (2) mad, frantic (fóru galnir sem hundar).

gall, n. gall, bile; sour drink.

galla-lauss, a. faultless.

gall-beiskr, a. bitter as gall; -blandinn, pp. mixed with gall.

gall-harðr, a. hard as stone.

galli, m. defect, fault, flaw.

galti, m. boar, hog (= göltr).

gamall (gömul, gamalt), a. (1) old; á gamals aldri, in his old age; opt er gott þat er gamlir kveða, old men’s sayings are often good; (2) old, aged, of a certain age; hve g. maðr ertu, how old art thou? tólf vetra (gen.) g., twelve years old.

gamal-ligr, a. elderly; -menni, n. old man; -órar, m. pl. dotage from old age; -œrr, a. in dotage.

gaman (dat. gamni), n. game, sport, pleasure, amusement; mér þykkir g. at e-u, I am amused by it; henda (sér) g. at e-u, to make game of; jötni at gamni, to the deight of the giant; taka undir í gamni, to respond in jest; hafa. e-t til gamans, to amuse oneself with.

gaman-leikr, m. game, amusement; -mál, n. merry talk, joking; -rúnar, f. pl. joyful conversation; -rœða, f. = gaman-mál; -samligr, a. amusing; -samr, a. merry, jocose.

gamans-ferð, f. pleasure trip; -fundr, m. merry-making.

gaman-vísa, f. a humorous verse; -yrði, n. pl. jesting talk.

gamban-reiði, f. great wrath; -sumbl, n. great banquet; -teinn, m. a kind of magic staff.

gambr (gen. -rs), m. a kind of bird.

gambra (), v. to brag, bluster.

gamlaðr, pp. stricken in years.

gammi, m. hut of a Finn.

gammr (-s, -ar), m. vulture.

gamna (), v. to divert, amuse (g. e-m með sögum).

gan, n. frenzy, frantic gestures.

gana (-da), v. (1) to gape, show a fissure; g. á e-t, to gape for or after (g. á rán); (2) to rush (g. at e-m); (3) to gaze, stare.

gandr (-s, -ar), m. magic staff; renna göndum, to ride a witch-ride.

gand-reið, f. witch-ride.

ganga (geng; gekk, gengum; genginn), v. (1) to walk (reið jarl, en Karkr gekk); (2) to go; g. heim, to go home; g. braut, to go away; g. til hvílu, to go to bed; g. á skip, to go on board; g. af skipi, to go ashore; with infin., g. sofa or at sofa, to go to sleep; g. at eiga konu, to marry a woman; (3) to go about grazing, to graze (kálfrinn gekk í túni um sumarit); (4) of a ship, to run, sail (gekk skipit brátt út á haf); (5) to stretch out, extend, project (nes mikit gekk í sæ út); (6) of report, tales, to be current (litlar sögur megu g. af hesti mínum); (7) to prevail; gekk þaðan af í Englandi Valska, thereafter the French tongue prevailed in E.; (8) of money, to be current (peningar þeir, sem nú ganga); of laws, to be valid (þau lög, er gengu á Uppsalaþingi); of sickness, plague, famine, to rage (þá gekk land-farsótt, drepsótt, hallæri); (9) to go on, last (gnustu þá saman vápnin, ok gekk þat um hríð); impers., gekk því lengi, so it went on for a long while; (10) láta g. e-t, to let go on; láta höggin g., to rain blows; Birkibeinar létu g. lúðrana, blew the trumpets vigorously; (11) to succeed; ef þat gengr eigi, if that will not do; impers., svá þykt, at þeim gekk þar eigi at fara, so close, that they could not go on there; þeim gekk ekki fyrir nesit, they could not clear the ness; (12) to turn out, go in a specified way; g. andæris, to go all wrong; mart gengr verr en varir, many a thing goes worse than is looked for; gekk þeim lítt atsókinn, they made little progress with the attack; impers., e-m gengr vel (illa), one fares (goes on, gets on) well (badly); (13) with acc., g. e-n á bak, to force one to go backwards (harm gengr bjöninn á bak); (14) with dat., to discharge (gekk bann þá blóði); (15) with preps. and adverbs; g. af e-u, to depart from, leave (þá gekk af honum móðrinn); g. af vitinu, to go out of one’s wits; g. af trú sinni, to apostatize; to pass (síðan gengu af páskarnir); to go off (gekk þegar af höfuðit); to be left as surplus (þat er af skuldinni gekk); nú gengr honum hey af, now he has some hay left; g. af sér, to go to extremities, to go beyond oneself (mjök ganga þeir fóstbrœðr nú af sé); g. aptr, to revert (return) to the former proprietor (síðan gengu þau lönd aptr undir Árna); to be void, annulled (þá skal kaup aptr g.); of a ghost, to walk again; of a door, to close, shut (gekk eigi aptr hurðin); g. at e-m, to attack one; g. at e-u, to agree to, accept a choice or offer (Flosi gekk fljótt at þessu öllu); to fit (skaltu fá mér lukla þá, sem ganga at kistum yðrum); g. á e-t, to encroach upon (g. á ríki e-s); to break (g. á orð sín, eiða, grið, sættir, trygðir); to pierce, penetrate; hann var í panzara, er ekki gekk á, that was proof against any weapons; g. á vald e-s or e-m, g. á hönd (hendr) e-m, to submit to, give oneself up to, surrender to one; g. á bak e-u, to contravene; g. eptir e-u, to go for, go to fetch (göngum heim eptir verðinu); to pursue, claim; g. eptir, to prove true, be fulfilled (þetta gekk allt eptir, sem M. sagði fyrir); g. frá e-u, to part with, lose (sumir munu g. frá öllu fénu); g. fram, to step forward; g. fram vel, to go forward bravely, in a battle; to come to pass, come into execution (skal þess bíða, er þetta gengr fram); to increase (fé Hall gerðar gekk fram ok gørðist allmikit); to depart this life (H. bóndi gengr fram til frænda sinna); g. fyrir e-n, to present oneself before one (g. fyrir konung); g. fyrir e-u, to take charge of, manage (var þar mart fólk, en húsbóndi gekk svá fyrir, at ekkert skorti); to yield to, be swayed by (hann gekk þá fyrir fortölum hennar); g. í gegn e-m, to set oneself against one; g. í gegn e-u, to confess, acknowledge; maðr gengr í gegn, at á braut kveðst tekit hafa, the man confessed and said that he had taken it away; g. í mál, to undertake a case; g. með e-m (of a woman), to marry; g. með barni, to be with child; g. með burði (of animals), to be with young; g. með e-u, to assist in, plead (g. með máli, bónorði); g. milli (á m., í m.), to go between, intercede; g. móti (á m., í m.) e-m, to go to meet one; g. móti e-u, to resist, oppose; to confess, = g. í gegn, g. við e-u; g. nær e-m, to be troublesome to one (þótti hón œrit nær g. Þórgerði); g. e-m nær, to approach, come near to one (sá hefir á brott komizt, er næst gekk Gunnari um alla hluti); g. saman, to marry; of an agreement, bargain, to be brought about; saman gekk kaupit með þeim, they came to a bargain; g. sundr (í s.), to go asunder, part; g. til, to go up to a thing (gangit til ok hyggit at); of the wind, to veer (veðrit gekk til útsuðrs); e-m gengr e-t til e-s, one has some reason for doing a thing; en þat gekk mér til þess (that was my reason), at ek ann þér eigi; hversu hefir ykkr til gengit, how have you fared? Loka gekk lítt til, it fared ill with L.; g. um e-t, to go about a thing; g. um beina, to wait upon guests; g. um sættir, to go between, as peacemaker; g. um e-n, to befall, happen to one (þess, er um margan gengr guma); of the wind, to go round, veer (gekk um veðrit ok styrmdi at þeim); to manage (fékk hón svá um gengit, at); g. undan, to escape to absent oneself; g. undir e-t, to take upon oneself, undertake (a duty); g. undir e-n, to subject oneself to; g. upp, to be wasted (of money); to get loose, to he torn loose (þeir glímdu svá at upp gengu stokkar allir á húsinu); of a storm, gale, to get up, rise (veðr gekk upp); of an ice-bound river, áin var gengin upp, swollen with ice; g. við staf, to walk with a stick; g. við e-u or e-t, to avow; g. yfir e-t, to go beyond, disregard (hann vildi eigi g. yfir þat, er hann vissi réttast); g. yfir e-n, to overcome, to befall, happen to one; slíkt sem yfir hefir gengit, all that has happened; eitt skal yfir okkr g., we shall share one fate; (16) refl., gangast, to be altered, to change, of tradition (g. í munni); láta e-t g., to waive, give up; e-m gengst hugr við, is moved to compassion by something (þá gekst Þorgerdi hugr við harmatölur hans); gangast at, to engage in a fight (þeir gengust at lengi); g. á, to be set off against one another (á gengust vígin húskarlanna); to dash against one another; á gengust eiðar, the oaths were broken; g. nær, to come to close quarters; g. við, to gain strength: áðr en við gengist hans bæn, before his prayer should be fulfilled; E. hafði mikit við gengizt um menntir, E. had much improved himself in good breeding.

ganga, f. (1) walking (hann mœddist í göngu); vera í göngu, to be on foot, to walk; (2) course (g. tungls, vinds).

gangandi, m. wayfarer.

gangdaga-vika, f. Rogation week; -þing, n. an assembly held during Rogation week.

gang-dagar, m. pl. Rogation days, ‘Gang days’; -fœri, n. the condition of the roads; illt (gott) gangfœri, bad (good) walking; -prúðr, a. with stately gait.

gangr (gen. gangs), m. (1) walking (vera á gangi); motion, activity of any kind (þá var hvert járn á gangi); (2) pace, pacing (temja hesta við gang ok hlaup); (3) course (g. himintungla); (4) prevailing, being in vogue; hafa mikinn gang, to be much in vogue; heldr er vaxandi g. at þeim, they (viz. the dreams) were rather on the increase; svá mikill g. var orðinn at eldinum, the fire had got to such a height.

gang-rúm, n. passage-room; -silfr, n. current money; -stigr, m. footpath; -tamr, a. well-trained in pacing (of a horse).

gap, n. (1) gap, empty space; (2) shouting, crying (háreysti ok g.).

gapa (-ta, -at), v. to gape, open the mouth wide.

gaps-maðr, m. gaping fool, gaby.

Garðar, m. pl. Russia; Garða-ríki, -veldi, n. the Russian empire.

garð-hlið, n. gate; -hús, n. privy; -hverfa, f. an enclosed plot; -lag, n. the building of a fence or wall.

garðr (-s, -ar), m. (1) fence, wall; (2) enclosed space, yard (cf. aldin-garðr, grasgarðr, kirkjugarðr); (3) court-yard, court (þeir gánga út í garðinn ok berjast); riða í garð, to arrive; riða (fara) ór garði, to depart; fig., helmingr skal falla í minn garð, the half shall fall into my share; skal aukast þriðjungi í þínum garði, in thy keeping; hyggjum vér, at í yðvarn garð hafi runnit, into your hands, your possession; gøra e-n af garði, to equip one (as a son, a friend, when departing from home); líðr vetr ór garði, the winter passes by; (4) house, dwelling; (5) stronghold, castle (cf. Ás-garðr, Út-garðar).

Garð-konungr, m. the Greek emperor (in ‘Miklagarðr’).

garð-staurr, m. fence-stake.

garmr, m. dog.

garn, n. (1) yarn (spinna garn af rokki); (2) warp-thread, warp, opp. to ‘vipta’, weft, woof.

garp-ligr, a. martial; -menni, n. martial man.

garpr (-s, -ar), m. a bold, dauntless man (g. mikill); also applied to a woman (hon var væn kona ok garpr mikill í skapi).

garp-skapr, m. bravery.

gassi, m. (1) gander; (2) rash fellow.

gat, n. hole, opening.

gata (gen. pl. gatna), f. path, way, road; vera á götu e-s, to be in one’s way; sitja á götu e-s, to lie in wait for (= sitja fyrir e-m); alla götu, always, throughout.

gatna-mót, n. junction of roads.

gauk-mánaðir, m. ‘cuckoo-month’ (the first summer month).

gaukr (-s, -ar), m. cuckoo.

gaul, n. lowing; bellowing; gaula (), v. to low, bellow.

gaum-gæfa (-ða, -t), v. to heed; -gieft, f. attention, care.

gaumr, m. heed, attention; gefa gaum at e-u, to pay attention to.

gaupa, f. the lynx.

gaupna-sýn, f. looking into one’s palms; covering one’s face with the hands (cf. ‘sjá í gaupnir’).

gaupnir, f. pl. (1) the two hands placed together so as to form a bowl; sjá, horfa, líta, lúta í g. sér, to cover one’s face with the hands (as a token of sorrow, or in prayer); (2) double handful (g. silfrs).

gaura-gangr, m. disorderly conduct.

gaurr, m. rough fellow.

gauta (), v. to prate, brag.

gautan, f. prating.

Gautar, m. pl. a Scandinavian people in southern Sweden.

Gaut-elfr, f. the river Gotha.

Gaut-land, n. the land of the Gautar.

gauzkr, a. from Gautland.

(gái, gáða, gát), v. to heed, with infin. (gá at gøra e-t) or gen.; guðs hann gáði, he gave heed to God; gá sín, to take care of oneself; gá til e-s, to mark; glýja þú né gáðir, thou hadst no mind for joy.

, f. barking (in ‘goðgá’, blasphemy; ‘hundgá’).

gala-samligr, a. waggish; -skapr, m. waggery.

gá-lausligr, a. heedless, wanton; -lauss, a. wanton, careless; -leysi, n. heedlessness.

gálga-tré, n. gallows-tree.

gálgi, m. gallows (reisa gálga).

gá-ligr, a. mindful of (e-s).

gár, n. buffoonery, mocking.

gár-fenginn, a. given to buffoonery.

gárungr (-s, -ar), m. buffoon.

gás (gen. gásar; pl. gæss), f. goose (galt hann gagl fyrir gás).

gá-samr, a. heedful, attentive; -semi, f. attention.

gás-veiðr, f. goose-catching.

gáta, f. riddle; geta (ráða) gátu, to read a riddle.

gátt (pl. -ir), f. (1) the rabbet of a doorsill or doorpost; var hnigin hurð á gátt, the door was shut; (2) pl. doorway; innan gátta, indoors.

geð, n. (1) mind, wits, senses; heimta aptr g. sitt, to come to one’s senses again; vera gætinn at geði, to be on one’s guard; vita til síns geðs, to be master of one’s wits; (2) disposition, liking; honum var vel í geði til Freysteins, he was well disposed to Fr.; þú fellst mér vel í g., you are to my liking; féllst hvárt öðru (féllust þau) vel í g., they liked one another well.

gedda, f. pike (fish).

geð-fastr, a. firm of mind; -festi, f. firmness of mind.

geðjaðr, a. to one’s mind, agreeable.

geðjast (), v. refl., e-m geðjast e-t, one is pleased with, one likes.

geð-lauss, a. fickle-minded; -leysi, n. fickleness of mind, inconstancy.

geðs-ligr, a. engaging, pleasing.

geð-speki, f. wisdom; -svinnir, a. wise, clever.

gefa (gef; gaf, gáfum; gefinn), v. (1) to give (g. e-m e-t); hann gaf þeim góðar gjafar, he gave them good gifts; g. e-m ráð, to give one advice; g. hljóð, to give a hearing; g. e-m sök, e-t at sök, to lay to one’s charge, to bring a charge against one; g. slög, to deal blows; g. e-m drekka, to give one to drink; impers., e-m gefr byr (byri), one gets a fair wind (gaf þeim byr ok sigla þeir í haf); absol., gaf þeim vel, they got a fair wind; ef fœri gefr á, if you get a chance; ef yðr (dat.) gefr eigi missýi í þessu máli, if you are not mistaken in this matter; þat gaf öllum vel skilja, it was clear for all to understand; (2) to give, grant; g. heimleyfi, to grant furlough; g. e-m grið, to grant quarter or pardon to one; g. e-m líf, to grant one his life; (3) to give in matrimony (ek var ung gefin Njáli); (4) to give fodder to cattle, to feed (g. göltum, nautum, kúm, hestum); (5) g. staðar, to stop; lét hann þá staðar gefa róðrinn, he stopped rowing; (6) e-m er e-t svá gefit, or svá gefit um e-t, one is so and so disposed, thinks so and so of a thing (ef þér er þetta svá gefit sem þú segir); (7) with preps.; g. sér litit (mikit) af (or at) e-u, to take little (much) notice of; g. á e-t, to pour water on; fig. to press on (gefr Ormr þá á); g. e-m til e-s, to give in return for a thing (g. fé til sátta); impers., honum hafði vel gefit til (had good luck) um hefndina; g. sér mikit (lítit) um e-t, to take great (little) interest in (= g. sér mikit, lítit, af or at e-u); g. sér fátt um e-t, to take coldly, take little notice of; g. e-t upp, to give up (g. upp alla mótstöðu); g. sik upp, to surrender; g. upp gamalmenni, to give old people up, let them starve; g. upp leiguna, to remit the rent; g. upp sakir, to remit offences; upp gefinn, exhausted; g. e-t við e-u, to give in payment for; g. sik við, to give in (þat er líkara, at ek gefa mik við); (8) refl., gefast vel (illa), to prove good (bad); opt hafa mér vel gefizt yður ráð, your counsels have often proved good for me; hefir þeim þat ok aldri vel gefizt, it has never turned out well; gefast gjöfum, to give gifts to one another; g. á vald e-s, to give oneself into another’s power; g. upp, to give in, surrender; e-m gefst e-t yfir, one does wrong in a thing (ef göfgum mönnum gáfust stórir hlutir yfir).

gefandi (pl. -endr), m. giver.

gefna-geð, n. conduct, behaviour.

gegn and í gegn, prep. with dat., against (í g. vindi sem forvindis); í g. eðli, against nature.

gegn, a. (1) honest (sannorðr ok g.); (2) fit (fór Ó. þar á land, sem honum þótti gegnast); (3) direct, straight (hinn gegnsta veg).

gegna (-da, -t), v. (1) to go against, meet (g. e-m); (2) to suit one, be meet for one; velit þat er yðr gegnir, choose what best suits you; (3) to signify, mean, matter; spurði, hverju gegndi úgleði sú, er hann hafði, asked what his sadness meant; sumir mæltu í móti ok kváðu øngu g., some denied it, and said it was of no use; meira en hófi gegnir, more than is due, above measure; g. tíðendum, to be of importance; (4) to amount to; svá at mörgum hundruðum gegndi, so that it amounted to many hundreds.

gegni-liga, adv. duly, properly.

gegning, f. suitableness; á þessu er engi g., this will not do.

gegnt, (1) adv. straight; compar., gegnra, gegnara, more straight; superl., gegnst, gegnast, the shortest way; most right, meetest; (2) prep. with dat. over against, opposite to (g. konungi).

gegnum, í gegnum (1) prep. with acc. through (g. vegginn); (2) adv., allan dag í g., all the day long.

geifla (), v. to mumble (g. á e-u).

geiga (), v. to take a wrong direction; eigi veit, hvar úskytja ör geigar, none can tell where a shaft ill-shol may stray to.

geigan, f. wavering.

geigr, m. (1) scathe, serious hurt; vinna, gera, veita e-m geig, to hurt one; (2) danger (er þat enn mesti g.).

geigu-skot, n. deadly shot.

geig-vænligr, a. dangerous, fatal.

geil (pl. -ar), f. narrow glen, lane.

geila-garðr, m. a fence along a geil.

gei-ligr, a. fine, beautiful (rare).

geip, n. idle talk, nonsense.

geipa (), v. to talk nonsense.

geipan, f. brag, nonsense.

geir-fálki, m. gerfalcon; -fugl, m. gare-fowl, the great awk.

geiri, m. gore, triangular strip.

geir-laukr, m. garlic.

geir-mímir, m. poet. warrior.

geir-nagli, m. the nail fastening a spear’s head to the shaft.

geir-njörðr, m. poet. warrior.

geirr (-s, -ar), m. (1) spear; (2) the point of an anvil (nefsteði).

geir-varta, f. nipple (of a man).

geis, f. impetuosity; geisa (), v. to rage, be furious; þeirra ofsi geisar hátt, their insolence runs high.

geisan, f. impetuosity (= geis).

geiska-fullr, a. frightened.

geiski, m. panic, fear.

geisl, m. (1) snow-skater’s staff; (2) ray, beam; geisla (), v. to shed rays, to beam; geisli, m. = geisl.

geispa (), v. to yawn, gape.

geispi, m. yawn.

geit (gen. -ar; pl. geitr), f. a she-goat (ragr sem geit).

geita-fœtir, m. pl. goats’ feet, feet like those of a goat; -hirðir, m. goat-herd; -hús, n. goat-house.

geitar-horn, n. goat’s horn; -hugr, m. cowardice; -hús, n. goat-house; -skegg, n. goat beard.

geita-sveinn, m. goat-herd.

geit-bjálfi, m. goat-skin coat or hairy jacket; -heðinn, m. goat-skin coat or hairy jacket; -skinn, n. goat-skin; -staka, f. = -skinn.

geitungr, m. wasp.

gelda (-da, -dr), v. to geld, castrate.

geld-fé, n. barren sheep.

geldjfár-höfn, f. pasture for geldfé.

gelding, f. gelding, castration.

geldingr (-s, -ar), m. (1) wether; (2) eunuch.

geld-neyti, n. barren cattle.

geldr, a. yielding no milk, dry.

gella (-da), v. to yell, roar, bellow (sem griðungr gelldi).

gemlingr (-s, -ar), m. a year-old sheep (at rýja gemlinga).

gems, n. gibe, scoff.

gemea (), v. to gibe, scoff.

gems-fullr, a. full of gibes.

gems-mikill, a. full of gibes.

gengi, n. (1) luck, success; án er ills gengis nema heiman hafi, ill luck is home-bred; (2) help, support; afla sér gengis, to gather troops.

genginn, pp. gone, dead.

gengr, a. (1) able to walk; (2) fit to walk on (vegr vel g.); (3) eiga heiman gengt, to have time and opportunity to leave home.

genta, f. girl, lass.

gera, v. see gøra; gerð, see gørð.

gerð, f. yeast, ferment.

gerð (pl. -ar), f. gear, harness; pl. armour (gerðar várar).

gerða (-ða, -ðr), v. to fence in.

gerði, n. a fenced field.

gerðing, f. fencing, hedging.

geri, m. ‘ravener’, wolf (poet.).

gerla, adv. see görla.

gerning, gerningr, see gørn-.

gerpi-ligr, a. martial (= garpligr).

gerr, a. see görr; adv. see gørr.

ger-samliga, -semi, -simi, -simligr, see gör-, gør-.

gersta (-sta, -str), v. to annoy, tease (g. hug e-s); gerstr, pp. (1) wearisome, dismal; gerstan dag, the long weary day; (2) sulky; hann leit g. við mér, he looked sulkily on me.

gerva, gervallr, gervi, see görva, görvallr, gørvi.

gerzkr, a. from Garðaríki.

gesta-bekkr, m. guests’ bench; -boð, n. banquet; -hús, n. guest-room; -höfðingi, m. chef of the guests; -skáli, m. guest-hall.

gest-gjafi, m. host (góðr -gjafi).

gestr (-s, -ir), m. (1) guest; (2) a royal retainer of inferior rank.

gest-risinn, a. hospitable; -risni, f. hospitality.

get, n. guess (rare).

geta (get; gat, gátum; getinn), v. I. with acc. (1) to get; g. orðstír, to get fame; g. sér e-t, to get for oneself (góðs um œðis ef sér g. mætti); g. gott af e-m, to get good of one; with dat. of the person, g. váluðum vel, to be kind to the poor; g. e-m illa, to do harm to one; impers., getr e-t, there is (got); eigi getr slíkan (there is none such) í konungs herbergjum; (2) with pp. of another verb, g. veiddan fisk, to be able to catch fish; ek get eigi fylgt yðr, I cannot follow you; (3) almost like an auxil. verb with infin.; ek Gunnari gat at unna, I loved G.; g. at lita, sjá (to get) to see; without ‘at’, er slíkt getr fœða jóð, that shall rear such a child; (4) to learn (lengi man þat er ungr getr); (5) to beget, engender (fótr gat son við fœti); geta börn, to beget children (said of both parents); (6) refl., getast at e-u, to like; því at mér gezt vel at þér, because I like thee well; láta sér getit at e-u, to be pleased with; eigi læt ek mér at einu getit, I am not pleased to have always the same, I want some change; II. with gen. (1) to guess; g. gatu, to guess a riddle; g. rétt, to guess right; g. e-s til, to guess, suppose; g. í hug e-m, to guess one’s thoughts; (2) to speak of, mention, in speech or writing (þess er getit, sem gört er); geta um e-t, to speak about (hann gat ekki um þetta fyrir sínum mönnum); þess er við getit, at, it is told that.

geta, f. guess, conjecture (er þat g. mín, at); spá er spaks g., a wiseman’s guess is a prophecy; ætla ek eigi þat til getu, at hann sé þar, it is not likely that he is there; leiða getum um e-t, to make a guess at.

getara, f. birth-giver, mother.

getari, m. begetter, father.

get-gangr, m. guessimg.

getnaðr (gen. -ar), m. (1) conception; (2) fœtus; vera með getnaði, to be with a child; (3) liking.

get-sakir, f. pl. imputations (without evidence); sœkja -sakir, to prosecute one upon loose imputations; -samligr, a. pertaining to guessing; -speki, f. gift of prophecy; getu-mál, n. doubtful case.

geyja (gey, ), v. (1) to bark (at e-m); (2) to scoff at (vil ek eigi goð g.); g. á e-n, to abuse.

geyma (-da, -dr), v. (1) to heed, mind, watch (geym þess, at enginn komist í braut); hann hafði geymt hlutverka sinna, he had minded his work; g. sin, to take care of oneself; g. at e-u, til e-s = g. e-s; (2) to watch, keep, with acc. (g. bœinn, heilræðit).

geymari, m. keeper.

geymdir, f. pl. heed, attention; gefa g. at e-u, to give heed to.

geymiliga, adv. = gætiliga.

geyminn, a. heedful (g. e-s, at e-u).

geymsla, f. keeping, care.

geymalu-lauss, a. unguarded.

geyra, geyrr, = gøra, görr.

geysa (-ta, -tr), v. to send out with violence (hann lætr g. eld ok járn); usually refl. to dash or rush furiously (þá geysist hafit á löndin; múgrinn geystist inn á skipin).

geysi-, very, exceedingly; g. mikill, very great; g. margir, very many, g. illa, very badly.

geysi-liga, adv. enormously; -ligr, a. enormous.

geysingr, m. impetuosity.

geystr, pp. (1) rushing hastily; (2) enraged (vóru bœndr mjök geystir á hendr honum).

-gi (or -ki after t or s), a suffix used esp. with negative, but also with positive and indefinite force.

gil (gen. pl. gilja), n. ravine, gully.

gilda-skáli, m. guild-hall.

gildi, n. (1) payment, tribute (rare); (2) recompense, return; æ sér til gildis gjöf (see gjald 4); (3) repute, esteem (þegar þér komist í g. við höfðingja); (4) feast banquet (þá gengu Æsir at g. sínu); (5) guild, brotherhood.

gildis-brœðr, m. pl. guild-brothers; -fundr, m. guild-meeting; -skáli, m. guild-hall; -tíð, f. guild-term.

gild-leiki, m. perfectness.

gild-liga, adv. properly.

gildr (gild, gilt), a. (1) valued at (g. tveim mörkum); (2) of full value; worth, great (g. konungr, höfðingi); með gildum sóma, with great fame; Hallfreðr var þá sem gildastr, H. was then at his best.

gildra, f. trap.

gildra (), v. to trap, set a trap.

gilja (áð), v. to beguile (a woman).

gils-þrömr, m. edge of a gully.

gim-steinn, m. gem, jewel.

gin, n. mouth (of a beast).

gin-kefli, n. gag.

ginna (-ta, -tr), v. (1) to dupe, fool one; g. e-n at sér, to fall out with one; (2) to decoy, entice (g. e-n til e-s, heiman af bœnum).

gin-heilagr, a. most holy.

ginning (pl. -ar), f. deception, befooling (Gylfa-ginning).

ginningar-fífl, n. one who runs a fool’s errand (vera ginningar-fífl e-s).

ginn-regin, n. pl. the great gods.

ginnunga-gap, n. the great void, primeval chaos; -himinn, m. the heaven over ginnunga-gap.

ginnungr, m. juggler, lister.

gipt, f. (1) gift (jarðligar giptir); (2) good luck (= gipta).

gipta, f. good luck.

gipta (-pta, -ptr), v. to give away in marriage (g. e-m e-a); refl. giptast, to marry.

gipting, f. marriage (of a woman).

giptu-drjúgr, a. lucky; -fátt, a. n. luckless (e-m verðr giptu-fátt); -liga, adv. luckily; -ligr, a. lucky, auspicious; -maðr, m. lucky man; -munr, m. difference in good luck; -ráð, n. good, auspicious match; -samliga, adv. auspiciously; -samligr, a. = -ligr; -skortr, m. want of luck, bad luck; -tómr, a. luckless; -vænligr, a. promissing good luck, auspicious.

girða (-ða, -ðr), v. to fence, = gerða.

Girkir, m. pl. the Greeks.

girna (-di, -t), v. impers., mik girnir, I desire; refl., girnast e-t, á e-t, til e-s, to desire something.

girnd (pl. -ir), f. desire; lust.

girndar-bruni, -eldr, -hiti, m. fire of lust, ardent lust; -ráð, n. (foolish) love match.

girni-ligr, a. desirable, pleasant.

girska, f. the Greek language.

girskr, a. (1) Greek; (2) = gerzkr.

gista (-sta, -st), v. to pass the night (g. at e-s, at or á e-m stað); g. e-n, to spend a night with one.

gisting, f. night-lodgings, accommodation for the night (beiðast gistingar; þiggja gisting).

gistingar-ból, n., -staðr, m. night-quarters.

gizki, m. a kind of kerchief (?).

gífr, n. witch, hag; -liga, adv. savagely (láta -liga).

gífr, a. poet. bloodthirsty, savage.

gígja, f. fiddle; gígjari, m. fiddler.

gína (gin; gein, ginum; ginit), v. to gape, yawn (gínandi ú fr); g. yfir e-t, to take into one’s mouth; g. við agni, to gape in order to take the bait.

gísl (pl. -ar), m. (1) hostage; (2) bailiff (g. keisarans); warder.

gísla (), v. (1) to give as hostage; (2) to take as hostage.

gíslar, f. pl. (1) sureties, securities; (2) securily, guard (setja g. fyrir).

gísling, f. (1) hostage (taka e-n í g.); (2) pl. guard (setja gíslingar fyrir e-n).

gjafa-laust, adv. (disinissed) without gifts; -leysi, n. lack of gifts.

gjafari, m. giver.

gjafa-skipti, n., -víxl, n. exchange of gifts.

gjaf-erfð, f. bequest; -falr, a. to be had for a trifle; -laust, adv. without gift; -lendingar, m. pl. feudatories; -lyndi, n. open-handedness; -mildr, a. open-handed; -orð, n. match (of a woman to be married); -vaxta, a. marriageable (of a maid); -vinr, m. open-handed friend.

gjald, n. (1) tribute (hann lagði g. á borgina); (2) payment; þá héldu bœndr galdinu, they kept back the payment; (3) retribution, esp. pl.; ella mun þér g. at verða, thou shalt pay dear for it; (4) reward, return, compensation; æ sér gjöf til gjalda, gift looks for gift.

gjalda (geld; galt, guldum; goldinn), v. (1) to repay, return; g. gjöf við gjöf, to pay back gift for gift; g. aptr, to restore, pay back; (2) fig. to give, yield; g. skynsemi við e-u, to give reason for; g. samkvæði at e-u, to consent to; g. varúð, varhuga við e-u, to be on one’s guard against; g. e-m fjándskap, to show ill-will towards one; (3) with gen. to pay for, suffer on account of (þar munuð þit min g.); g. e-s at = g. e-s; geldr at nýbreytni (gen.) konungs, it is a punishment for the king’s innovations.

gjald-dagi, m. pay-day; -fang, n. payment, equivalent; -gengr, a. taken in payment; -keri, -kyri, m. the king’s steward.

gjalla (gell; gall, gullum; gollit), v. to scream, shriek (ernir gjalla hátt); strengr gellr, the bow-string twangs; impers. to resound, echo (kvað Þorsteinn svá hátt, at gall í múrnum).

Gjallar-horn, n. (1) the horn (trumpet) of Heimdal; (2) the drinking horn used by Mimir.

gjallr, a. ringng, resounding; gjalti, only in the phrase, verða at gjalti, to turn mad with terror.

gjarn, a. (1) eager for, desirous of (g. á e-t, í e-t, til e-s); (2) g. e-m, willing to follow one.

gjarna, adv. willingly.

gjarn-liga, adv. willingly.

gjarn-samliga, adv. willingly.

gjá (gen. gjár; pl. gjár, gen. gjá, dat. gjám), f. rift, cleft, chasm.

gjálfr, n. din of the sea; gjálfr-dyr, n. ship (poet.); -samr, a. roaring (of the sea).

gjár-bakki, m. brink of a rift; -barmr, m. edge of a rift; -munni, m. mouth of a rift.

gjó, f. sensuality; -lífi, n. sensual life; -maðr, m. a sensual person.

gjósa (gýs; gaus, gusum; gosinn), v. to gush, burst out (þar gaus upp stundum, eldr; blóðit gaus ór sárinu).

gjós-æðr, f. ‘gush-vein’, artery.

gjóta (gýt; gaut, gutum; gotinn), v. (1) g. hrognum, to spawn; (2) g. augum, sjonum, to cast a look.

gjöf (gen. gjafar, pl. gjafar and gjafir), f. gift; skipta gjöfum við e-n, to exchange gifts with one; leiða e-n út (í brott) með gjöfum, leysa e-n á brott með gjöfum, to dismiss one with gifts (at the end of a visit).

gjöfull (acc. gjöflan), a. munificent, liberal (g. at gulli).

gjögr, f. cleft, rift (gljúfr ok gjögrar).

gjögra (), v. to reel, stagger.

gjölnar, f. pl. the whskers of the Fenris-wolf.

gjölta (-lti), v. to bark (rare).

gjör-, see gör-, gør-.

gjörð (gen. gjarðar; pl. gjarðar and gjarðir), f. girdle; saddle-girth (söðulgjörð).

gjörvallr, a. see ‘görvallr’.

glaða (), v. to gladden (= gleðja).

glaðan, adv. = glaðliga.

glað-látr, a. cheerful; -liga, adv. gladly, willingly; -ligr, a. glad, cheerful; -mæltr, a. cheerful in speech.

glaðning, f. gladdening, gladness.

glaðr (glöð, glatt), a. (1) glad, gladsome, cheerful (Flosi var allra ruarma, glaðastr); (2) bright, beautiful, of the sky, weather, fire (veðr glatt, tunglit skein glatt).

glað-væri, f. gladness; -værr, a. gladsome, cheerful.

glam, or glamm, n. noise, din, clash.

glama, v. to twaddle, talk idly.

glamra (), v. to tinkle, jingle.

glap, n. beguilement, seduction; venja kvámur sínar til glapa (or glaps) við konu, to aim at seducing.

glapna (), v. to grow dim (glapnaði honum heyrn ok sýn).

glappa-verk, n. mishap.

glap-ræði, n. mistake, blunder; -stigr, m. a wrong path; -víg, n. accidental manslaughter.

glata (), v. (1) to destroy (g. e-u); (2) to lose; refl., glatast, to be lost.

glatan, f. perdition.

glatuns-hundr, m. glutton (?).

glaumr, m. noisy merriment; glaums andvana, cheerless.

glam-sýni, f. illusion.

gleða, f. glede, kite (bird).

gleði, f. gladness, merriment, joy (var þar þá g. mikil).

gleði-bragð, n. joyful mien; -dagar, m. pl. days of happiness; -fullr, a. joyful; -ligr, a. glad; -maðr, m. cheery man; -mót, n. = -bragð; -orð, n. pl. words of joy; -stundir, f. pl. merry, happy time; -vist, f. merry sojourn.

gleðja (gleð, gladda, gladdr), v. to gladden, make glad; refl., gleðjast, to be glad, rejoice.

glefja, f. spear, lance (for. word).

glefsa (-ta), v. to snap at (g. í e-t).

glens, n. gibing, gibe, jest, banter.

glensa (), v. to jest, make fun.

glensan, f. gibing, jesting.

glens-ligr, a. bantering; -mikill, a. full of jesting or gibes; -yrði, n. pl. jesting or gibing speech.

glepja (glep, glapta, glaptr), v. (1) to confuse one (in reading, speaking); (2) to confound (g. sókn, vörn); (3) to beguile (g. konu).

gler, n. (1) glass; háll sem g., slippery as glass; bresta í gleri, to break into shivers; (2) looking-glass.

gler-gluggr, m. glass-window; -steinar, m. pl. glass stones, agates; -tölur, f. pl. glass beads.

glett, n., gletta, f. banter, raillery, taunting; fara (ganga, ríða) í glett við e-n, to provoke one.

glettast (tt), v. refl. to banter, rail against one, taunt, provoke an enemy (g. við e-n).

gletti-liga, adv. tauntingly.

glettingr, m. = glett, gletta.

glettings-bára, f. splashing wave.

glettinn, a. bantering.

glettni, f. = glett (eiga g. við e-n).

glettu-atsókn, f. a feint to provoke the enemy to attack.

glettunar-maðr, m.; engi glettunar-maðr, a man not to be trifled with.

gleyma (-da, -dr), v. (1) to make a merry noise (glaumr); (2) with dat. to forget (gleymt hefi ek þessu).

gleym-samligr, a. forgetful.

gleymska, f. forgetfulness.

gleypa (-ta, -tr), v. to swallow.

glissa (-sta), v. to grin, gabble.

glit, n. ‘glitter’; ofit í g., brocaded.

glita, glitra (), v. to glitter.

glíkindi, glíking, glíkja, glíkligr, glíkr = líkindi, líking, etc.

glíma (-da, -t), v. to wrestle.

glíma, f. wrestling.

glíminn, a. expert as a wrestler.

glímu-brögð, n. pl. wrestling-tricks; -félagi, m. wrestling-mate; -fœrr, a. able-bodied as a wrestler; -mannliga, adv. like a good wrestler.

gljá (-ða, ), v. to glisten, shine.

gljúfr, n. pl. rocky (sides of a) ravine.

gljúfróttr, a. rocky.

glott, n. grin, sneer, scornful smile; draga g. at e-u, to sneer at.

glotta (-tta, -tt), v. to grin (g. at or við e-u); g. við tönn, to smile scornfully and show the teeth.

glóa (, or -óða, -ót), v. (1) to shine, glitter (glóar nökkut í götunni); (2) to glow with heat; glóanda járn, red-hot iron.

glóð (pl. glœðr), f. red-hot embers.

glóðar-ker, n. fire-pan.

glóð-rauðr, a. red as embers.

glófaðr, a. gloved; glófi, m. glove.

gló-föxóttr, a. light-maned.

glópaldi, m. fool.

glópr, m. fool.

glósa (), v. to explain by a gloss.

gluggaðr, pp. with windows.

glugga-þykkn, f. dense clouds with openings in them.

gluggr (-s, pl. -ar), m. opening (in a wall, roof, etc.), esp. window.

glumr, n. noise, rattle, clatter.

glumra (), v. to rattle, clatter.

glutr, n. squandering, lavishment.

glutra (), v. to squander.

glutrs-maðr, m. spendthrift.

glutrunar-maðr, m. = glutrsmaðr; -samr, a. lavish, extravagant.

glúpna (), v. to becorne downcast.

glymja (glym, glumda, glumiðr), v. to dash noisily, splash (unnirglymja), clatter (glumdu jöklar), rattle.

glymr, m. clatter, clash, ringing.

glyrnur, f. pl. cat’s eyes.

glys, n. finery (kaupa glys).

glys-gjarn, a. fond of finery; -ligr, a. showy, specious; -mál, n. pl. specious words.

glý, n. joy; glýja (gen. pl.) né gáðir, thou hadst no mind for joy.

glýjaðr, pp. gleeful (vel g.).

glý-stamr, a. joyless.

glæa (-dda), v. to glow, glisten.

glær (gen. glæs), m. sea; kasta á glæ, to throw into the sea, squander; hlaupa á glæ, to run in vain.

glæ-ræði, n. = glapræði.

glæsa (-ta, -tr), v. to embellish; gulli ok silfri glæstr, adorned with gold and silver.

glæsi-ligr, a. splendid, showy; specious (-lig orð).

glœpa-fullr, a. full of wickedness, ungodly; -maðr, m. miscreant, malefactor; -mannligr, a. ruffianly; -verk, n. crime.

glœpi-liga, adv. wickedly; -ligr, a. wicked; glæp-ligr, a. = glœpiligr.

glœpr (-s, -ir), m. misdeed, crime.

glœpska, f. misdeed, offence.

glœp-varr, a. righteous; -yrði, n. pl. foul language.

gløgg-dœmr, a. sagacious in one’s judgement; -leikr, m. sagacity; -liga, adv. clearly, distinctly.

gløggr (acc. -van), a. (1) clear-sighted (gløggt er gests auga); (2) clear, distinct; vera gløggrar greinar, to distinguish sharply; eigi er mér þat gløggt, it is not clear to me; neut., gløggt, as adv. clearly (muna, kenna gløggt); (3) stingy, close (gløggr við gesti).

gløgg-rýnn, a. clever in interpreting runes; -skygn, a. sharp-sighted; -sýnn, a. sharp-witted; -sær (-sæ, -sætt), a. (1) clear-sighted; (2) manifest, clear; -þekkinn, a. quick to discern, clear-sighted; -þekkni, f. clear-sightedness.

gnadd, n. grumbling, muttering.

gnadda (), v. to murmur, grumble.

gnaga (), v. to gnaw (hestar gnöguðu beizlin).

gnapa (-ta), v. (1) to jut or stand out; (2) to stoop or bend forward; (3) to droop the head.

gnata (), v. to clash.

gnauð, n. noise, din, rattle.

gnauða (), v. to rattle, ring.

gnegg, n. neighing.

gneggja (), v. to neigh.

gneista (), v. to emit sparks.

gneista-flaug, f. shower of sparks.

gneisti, m. spark.

gnesta (griest; gnast, gnustum; gnostinn), v. to crack, clash (gnustu þá saman vápnin).

gneypa (-ta, -tr), v. to pinch.

gneypr, a. (1) bent forward, drooping; (2) savage, fierce.

gniða (), v. to rub, scrape.

gnípa, f. peak, jutting pinnacle (on a beetling mountain).

gnísta (-sta, -st), v. (1) g. tönnum, to gnash the teeth; (2) to snarl (of dogs); (3) gnístanda frost, biting frost.

gnístan, f. gnashing.

gnísting, f. gnashing.

gnóga, adv. poet. = gnógliga.

gnóg-leikr, m. abundance; -liga, adv. abundantly; -ligr, a. abundant.

gnógr, a. (1) abundant, plentiful, enough (selveiðar gnógar ok fiskifang mikit); at gnógu, sufficiently; ok vinnst oss þat at gnógu, it is enough for us; í gnóg, enough (var þar vatn í gnóg); gnógu (neut. dat.) lengi, long, enough; (2) g. um e-t, at e-u, richly furnished with (nú var hann g. orðinn um kvikfé).

gnótt, f. abundance, plenty (g. fjár) gera g. spurning (dat.) e-s, to give sufficient answer to one’s question.

gnúa (gný, gnera, or gnøra, gnúinn), v. to rub (hann tók til orða ok gneri nefit).

gnúfa (-ða), v. to droop (g. með höfðinu).

gnúp-leitr, a. stern-looking.

gnúpr (-s, -ar), m. peak (= gnípa).

gnyðja (gnyð, gnudda), v. to mutter, grumble (herrinn gnuddi illa); to grunt (g. mundu nú grísir).

gnyðr (pl. -ir), m. murmur.

gnýja (gný, gnúða, gnúit), v. to roar (vindar gnýja); g. á, to set in (þá gnúði í hallæri mikit ok veðrátta köld).

gný-mikill, a. roaring, stormy.

gnýr (-s, -ir), m. clash, din.

gný-reið, f. roaring thunder.

gnæfa (-ða, -t), v. to stand up, rise high, tower (g. við himin).

gnœgr, a. = gnógr.

gnöltra (), v. to howl, bark.

gnötra (), v. to clatter, rattle.

goð, n. (heathen) god.

goða-blót, n. sacrifice to the gods; -gremi, f. wrath of the gods; -heill, n. favour of the gods; -hús, n. house of gods, heathen temple; -reiði, f. = góða-gremi.

goð-borinn, pp. god-born; -dómr, m. godhead; -gá, f. blasphemy.

goði, m. heathen priest; chief (in Iceland during the republic).

goð-kunnigr, a. of the kith of gods; -málugr, a. skilled in the lore of the gods; -mögn, n. pl. divine powers, deities (g. þau er þeir blótuðu).

goð-orð, n. dignity and authority of a goði (goðorð ok manna forráð).

goðorðs-lauss, a. without a goðorð; -maðr, m. owner of a goðorð; -mál, n. an action concerning a goðorð.

goð-vefr, m. = guðvefr.

goð-vegr, m. the way of the gods.

goll, n. gold = gull.

gollurr, m. pericardium.

gor, n. the cud in animals.

gor-mánaðr, m. the first winter-month (Oct.-Nov.).

gotnar, m. pl. poet. men.

gotneskr, a. Gothic.

góð-brjóstaðr, a. kind-hearted; -fengr, a. good-natured; -fúsliga, adv. willingly; -fúss, a. benevolent; -fýsi, f. goodness, good-will; -fýst, f. goodness, good-will; -gipt, f. benefit, charitable deed; -girnd, f. = góð-fýsi; -girni, f. = góð-fýsi; -gjarn, a. benevolent, kind; -gjarnliga, adv. kindly; -gjarnligr, a. kind, kindly; -gripr, m. costly thing; -gæfliga, adv. gently; -gæt, f. good entertainment; -gæti, n. dainty; -gørð, f. charity; -gørning, f. = góð-gørð; -gørningr, m. good deed, charity; -háttaðr, a. well-mannered; -hjartaðr, a. kind-hearted.

góði, m. (1) good-will; (2) profit.

góð-látr, a. good-natured; -leikr, m. goodness; -lifnaðr, m., -lífi, n. good life; -lyndi, n. good nature; -lyndr, a. good-natured; -mannliga, adv. like a good man; -mannligr, a. gentle; -menni, n. a good, gentle man; -mennsks, f. goodness, gentleness; -mennt, a. n. good people; -mótliga, adv. kindly, gently; -orðr, a. gentle in one’s words.

góðr (góð, gott), a. (1) good, morally commendable (g. ok réttlátr konungr, góð kona); (2) good, honest (drengr g.); g. vili, good, honest intention; (3) kind, friendly; g. e-m, kind towards one; gott gengr þér til, thou meanest well; gott var í frændsemi þeira, they were on good terms; vilja e-m gott, to wish one well; (4) good, fine, goodly; g. hestr, fine horse; gott veðr, fine weather; með góðu föruneyti, with goodly suite; góðr beini, good cheer, verða gott til e-s, to get plenty of; var þá gott til fjár ok mannvirðingar, there was ample wealth and fame to earn; g. af e-u or e-s, good, liberal with a thing; g. af tíðendum, good at news, communicative; g. af hestinum, willing to lend the horse; g. af fé, open-handed; g. matar, free with his food.

góð-ráðr, a. giving good counsel; -ræði, n. goodness; -semi, f. = góð-fýsi; -verk, n. charitable deed; -vild, f. kindness, good-will; -vili, m. kindness, good-will; -viljaðr, a. benevolent.

góðvilja-fullr, a. benevolent, kind; -maðr, m. benevolent man; -mikill, a. full of good-will.

góð-viljugr, a. kind; -virki, n. = -verk; -virkr, a. making good work; -vænliga, adv. = -vættliga; -vænligr, a. promising good; -vættliga, adv. amicably; -yrki, n. = -verk; -ættaðr, a. of good family.

gói, f. the month Goi (from the middle of February to the middle of March); -beytill, m. a species of horse-tail (equisetum hyemale).

gólf, n. (1) floor; (2) apartment.

golf-stokkar, m. pl. floor beams; -þili, n. deal floor.

gó-ligr, a. fine, pretty (-lig orð).

gómr (-s, -ar), m. (1) the roof or floor of the mouth (efri or neðri g.); e-m berr mart á góma, one talks freely of many things; gæta tungu í báða góma, to keep guard on the tongue, speak warily; (2) finger-tip (á hendi heitir fingr, nagl, gómr).

góm-sparri, m. gag.

góz, n. goods, property.

grað-fé, n. entire cattle.

graðr, a. entire, not castrated.

graðungr (-s, -ar), m. bull.

grafa (gref; gróf, grófum; grafinn), v. (1) to dig (g. gröf); g. torf, to dig peat; fig. to seek out the sense of (g. vísu); (2) to earth, bury (g. lík); (3) to carve, engrave (døkkr steinn í ok grafit á innsigli); (4) to inlay; fagr á liti, sem þá er fílsbein er grafit í eik, as when ivory is set in oak; (5) impers. to suppurate (lærit tók at g. bæði uppi ok niðri); (6) with preps., g. at e-u, eptir e-u, to inquire into, try to flnd out; also refl., grafast eptir e-u; g. niðr, to dig down; svá kyrr sem hann væri grafinn niðr, as if he had been rooted in the ground; g. til e-s, to dig for (g. til vatns); g. um e-t = g. eptir e-u; gróf hann svá undir þeim, at, he sounded them so that; g. e-t upp, to find out.

graf-alr, m. burin, graver.

grafar-bakki, m. verge of a grave; -gørð, f. digging of a grave; -lœkr, m. a brook which has dug itself a deep bed.

graf-silfr, n. hidden treasure; -tól, n. pl. digging tools.

gramendr, m. pl. the angry gods.

gramr, a. wroth, angry (g. e-m); gramir, m. pl., gröm (viz. goð), n. pl. used as subst., fiends, demons; (gramir munu taka þik); deili gröm við þik, the fiends bandy words with thee.

gramr (-s, -ir), m. king, warrior.

grana-hár, n. whiskers (cf. ‘grön’).

grand, n. hurt, injury (gera, vinna, e-m grand).

granda (), v. to injure, do harm (engi grandaði öðrum).

grand-lauss, a. guileless; -ligr, a. dangerous, injurious; -varr, a. guileless; -veri, f. guilelessness.

granna, f. neighbour.

granni, m. neighbour.

grann-leikr, m. slenderness; -leitr, a. thin-faced; -ligr, a. slim, slender of build (ungr ok grannligr á vöxt).

grannr, a. thin, slender.

grann-vaxinn, pp. slender, slim of figure (hár á vöxt ok g.).

gran-rauðr, a. red-bearded; -selr, m. bearded seal; -síðr, a. long bearded; -stœði, n. the bearded part of the face, the upper lip.

graptar-dagr, m. burial-day; -kirkja, f. a church with a burying ground; -reitr, -staðr, m. burial-place.

gras, n. grass, herbage, herb.

grasaðr, pp. prepared with herbs.

gras-dalr, m. grassy dale; -garðr, m. garden; -geilar, f. pl. grassy lanes; -gott, a. n. with good crop of grass; -grœnn, a. grass-green; -lauss, a. grassless; -leysa, f. failure of grass; -leysi, n. failure of grass; -loðinn, a. thick with grass; -loðna, f. grassy spot; -lægr, a. lying in the grass; -mikill, a. rich in grass; -rœtr, f. pl. roots of herbs or grass; -sótt, f. grass-fever; -tó, f. grassy spot among cliffs; -völlr, m. grassy field; -vöxtr, m. growth of grass.

grautar-díli, m. porridge-spot (on the body); -ketill, m. porridge-pot; -sótt, f. ‘porridge-fever’; -trog, n. porridge-trough; -trygill, m. porridge-trough; -þvara, f. porridge-stick.

grautr (gen. -ar), m. porridge.

grá-bildóttr, a. with grey-spotted cheeks, of a sheep; -björn, m. grey bear, opp. to ‘hvítabjörn’; -blár, a. grey-blue.

gráða, f. step; fig. degree.

gráði, m. gentle breeze.

gráði, m. step, degree = gráða.

gráðr, m. greed, hunger.

gráðugr, a. greedy (g. ormr).

grá-eygr, a. grey-eyed; -gás, f. wild goose; -klæddr, pp. grey-clad; -kollóttr, a. grey and without horns; -kufl, m. grey cowl; -leikr, m. malice; -leitr, a. pale-looking; -liga, adv. with malice; -ligr, a. malicious; -lyndr, a. spiteful, malicious; -munkr, m. grey friar.

grána (), v. to become grey, fig. to grow rough (tekr at g. gamanit).

grán-stóð, n. stud of grey horses; -variðr, pp. grey-coated (úlfar-varðir).

grár (grá, grátt), a. (1) grey (í grám kyrtli); g. fyrir hærum, grey-haired; grátt silfr, bad silver; (2) spiteful, malicious; þó at í brjósti grátt búi, although bearing malice in the heart.

grá-rendr, a. grey-striped; -silfr, n. grey (bad) silver; -skinn, n. grey fur; -skýjaðr, a. covered with grey clouds; -steinn, m. a grey stone (til grásteins hins mikla).

gráta (græt; grét, grétum; grátinn), v. (1) to weep; g. hástöfum, to weep aloud; (2) to bewail, weep for one (þú grætr góðan mann).

grátan-ligr, a. tearful.

grát-fagr, a. beautiful in tears; -feginn, a. weeping for Joy.

grátinn, pp. tearful.

grát-ligr, a. pitiable, deplorable.

grátr, m. weeping; setr grát at e-m, one bursts into tears.

grát-raust, f. tearful voice; -stokkinn, pp. bathed in tears.

grá-vara, f. grey fur (harm hafði fengit á fjallinu mikla grávöru).

grefta (-fta, -ft), greftra (), v. to bury (greftraðr at fornum sið).

greiða (-dda, -ddr), v. (1) to unravel, disentangle, arrange; g. hár, to comb or dress the hair; greiddi hón hárit frá augum sér, she stroked back the hair from her eyes; (2) to make or get ready (g. segl); g. til vað, to get ready a fishing line; g. til um vápn to get the weapons ready; (3) to speed, further (g. ferð e-s); refl., greiddist honum vel, it sped well with him, he got on well; (4) to pay (g. fé af hendi); g. fram, to pay out; (5) to discharge, perform; g. skírslu af höndum, to perform the ordeal; g. vörð, to keep watch; g. róðr, to pull at the oars; g. atróðr, g. til atlögu, to attack (in a sea-fight); g. mál, to settle a case.

greið-fara, a. indecl. walking with speed; -fœrr, a. passable, easy to pass (þar var eigi greiðfœrt); -gengr, a. = -fœrr (eigi er hér -gengt).

greiði, m. (1) disentanglement, arrangement; gera greiða á málinu, to put the case right; skipaðist lítt til greiða með þeim, nothing was settled between them; (2) entertainment, accomadation; gera e-m greiða, to give one entertainment.

greið-liga, adv. (1) readily, promptly; (2) quite; greiðliga berr, completely stripped; (3) downright, actually (þó at engir menn bæri vápn á mik greið-liga).

greið-ligr, a. (1) ready, prompt; var söngrinn eigi greiðligr, the song did not go smoothly; (2) clear, plain (greiðlig orð).

greið-mæltr, pp. of ready speech.

greiðr (greið greitt), a. (1) clear, free from obstacles (greið leið, gata); (2) ready to serve (góðr ok greiðr við alla sína nágranna).

greið-skapr, m. (1) readiness, promptness; (2) entertainment.

greiðsla, f. = greizla.

greið, m. earl, count.

grein (pl. -ir), f. (1) branch (of a tree), division; (2) point, head, part (í öllum greinum); í annarri g., in the second place; (3) cause, reason; fyrir þá g., therefore; (4) distinction; sjá grein handa, to discern one’s hands; gera grein á e-u, to explain; (5) understanding, discernment; gløggrar greinar, sharpwitted; (6) dissent, discord (varð mart til greina með þeim); vald fyrir utan alla g., undisputed (absolute) power.

greina (-da, -dr), v. (1) to divide into parts (veröldin var greind í þrjár hálfur); (2) to discern, distinguish (g. gang himintungla); (3) to expound, tell, record; sem áðr er greint, as is told above; sem síðarr greinir, as will be told hereafter; (4) impers., menn (acc.) greinir á, they disagree, quarrel; (5) refl., greinast, to branch out, be separated (svá sem tungurnar greindust); g. á e-u, at e-u, to disagree about; impers., tók at g. með þeim kumpánum, they began to quarrel.

greina-mikill, a. sensible, clever.

greinar-laust, a. n. (1) indiscriminately; (2) unconditionally; -mál, n. reasonable case.

greina-vænn, a. likely to cause a difference or dissension.

greini-liga, adv. distinctly; -ligr, a. distinct, clear.

greining, f. distinction.

greiningar-vit, n. discernment.

greip (pl. greipr), f. the space between the thumb and the other fingers (kom blóð á hönd þóri ok rann upp á greipina); fig., koma, ganga í greipr e-m, to fall into one’s clutches.

greizla, f. payment, discharge.

gremi, f. wrath, anger.

gremja (grem, gramda, gramit), v. to anger, provoke, exasperate (gremdu eigi goð at þér); refl., gremjast e-m, to be angry with.

gren (gen. pl. grenja), n. lair of a fox or wolf (sem melrakki í greni).

grenja (), v. to howl, bellow.

grenjan, f. howling, bellowing.

grennast (d), v. refl. to become thin.

grennd, f. vicinity.

grennslast (), v. refl. to inquire.

gren-skolli, m. a fox in its earth.

grepp-ligr, a. frowning, ugly.

greppr (-s, -ar), m. (1) poet, scald; (2) doughty man.

grepta, greptra, see grefta, greftra.

gres-járn, n. iron wire.

gretta (-tta, -tt), v., g. sik or grettast, to frown, make a wryface.

Grettis-haf, -tak, n. Grettir’s lift.

grey (gen. pl. greyja), n. (1) bitch; (2) paltry fellow, coward.

grey-baka, f. = grey (1) bitch.

greyfa (-ða, -ðr), v. to bend down with the face to the ground.

grey-hundr, m. bitch; -menneks, f. paltriness, meanness.

greypa (-ta, -tr), v. to groove.

greypi-liga, adv. fiercely; -ligr, a. fierce, fearful.

greyp-leikr, m. fierceness; -ligr, a. = greypiligr.

greypr, a. fierce, fearful.

grey-skapr, m. = -mennska; -stóð, n. pack of hounds.

grið, n. (1) domicile, home; (2) pl. truce, peace, pardon, quarter; selk g.: to make truce; segja í sundr griðum to dissolve the truce; lífs g. ok lima, safety for life and limbs; beiða (sér) griða, to sue for quarter; beiða griða Baldri fyrir alls konar háska, to seek protection for B. against all kinds of harm; gefa e-m g., to give one quarter; ganga til griða, to accept pardon.

griða-brek, n. pl. breach of truce; -gjöf, f. granting truce; -lauss, a. without truce, truceless; -mark, n. sign of truce; -mál, n. pl. truce formularies; -rof, n. pl. breach of truce; -setning, f. truce-making; -staðr, m. sanctuary, asylum.

grið-bítr, m. = -níðingr.

griði, m. servant.

griðka, f., grið-kona, f. housemaid, female servant.

grið-maðr, m. male servant.

grið-mál, n. pl. = griðamál; -níðingr, m. truce-breaker; -sala, f. a granting truce; -samr, a. peaceful.

griðungr (-s, -ar), m. = graðungr.

grið-vist, f. lodging, home.

Grikkir (gen. -ja), m. pl. Greeks.

Grikk-land, n. Greece; Grikklands-haf, n. the Grecian Archipelago.

grikkska, f. Greek (language).

grikkskr, a. Greek, = girskr.

grimmast (d and ), v. to chafe, be furious (g. móti guði).

grimmd, f. (1) grimness, fierceness; (2) = grimmdarfrost.

grimmdar-frost, n. biting frost; -hugr, m. hostile mind.

grimm-eygr, a. fierce-eyed; -hugaðr, a. in a grim humour; -leikr, m. savageness, cruelly; -ligs, adv. fiercely; hefna grimmliga, to take a fearful revenge; -ligr, a. fierce, fearful; -lundaðr, a. of grim temper.

grimmr, a. (1) grim, stern, dire; gráta grimmum tárum, to weep bitter tears; g. dómr, severe jugement; (2) wroth; svá var hón grimm orðin Brjáni konungri, at, she hated him so much, that.

grimm-úðigr, a. ferocious, fierce (-úðigr í skapi).

grind (pl. grindr and grindir), f. (1) a gate made of spars or bars, a fence; (2) pl. pen, fold (fé byrgt í grindum); fullar grindir, full-stocked folds; (3) haven, dock (liggja í grindum, of ships); (4) store-houses.

grind-hlið, n. barred gate.

gripa-auðigr, a. rich in precious things; -gjald, n. payment in precious things; -kists, f. jewel chest; -taka, f. seizure of property.

grip-deild, f. robbery, rapine.

gripr (-ar, -ir), m. (1) costly thing; valuable treasure, property; (2) value, money’s worth; enn þriðja hlut á hann, þann er mikill g. er í, that is of great value; epli þau, er henni munu gripir í þykkja, apples which she will think of great value.

gripr, m. vulture (rare).

gríðr (gen. -ar), f. giantess.

gríma, f. (1) a kind of covering for the face or the head, a mask or cowl (hafa grímu fyrir andliti, á höfði sér); (2) armour covering a horse’s head and breast; (3) beak (on a ship); (4) night (poet.).

grímu-maðr, m. a masked or disguised man.

grípa (gríp; greip, gripurn; gripinn), v. (1) to grasp, seize (hann greip sverð sitt á skjöld); (2) to seize upon (g. góz fyrir mönnum); (3) with preps., g. á e-u, to catch hold of (H. greip á stafni); g. á kýlinu, to touch upon a sore place; g. til e-s, to seize (g. til sverðsins); greip hundrinn til hans, the dog snapped at him; g. upp, to catch up (Loki greip upp mikla stöng); g. við orði, to commence speaking.

grísa-sýr, f. a sow with pigs.

gríss (gen. gríss, pl. grísir), m. (1) young pig; (2) hog.

grjár, a. grey (poet., rare).

grjót, n. stones; verða at grjóti, to be turned into stones; bera g. á e-n, berja e-n grjóti, to stone one.

grjót-berg, n. quarry; -björg, n. pl. rocks; -burðr, m. throwing of stones; -flaug, f. stone shower; -flutning, f. conveyance of stones; -hlað, n. stone wall; -hóll, m. stone mound, stone heap; -hríð, f. shower of stones; -hörgr, m. = -hóll; -kast, n. throwing stones; -klettr, m. boulder; -ligr, a. stony, flinty; -möl, f. gravel, pebbles; -páll, m. in the phrase, vera grjótpáll fyirir e-u, to be the chief supporter (mainstay) of; -skriða, f. stone-slip; -smiðr, m. stone-mason; -varti, m. cairn of stones; -veggr, m. stone wall.

gróa (grœr, greri, gróinn), v. (1) to grow (of vegetation); jörð grœr, earth grows; þá var grund gróin grœnum lauki, the ground was covered with green herbs; (2) to grow together, become joined to (höfuð konungs var gróit við bolinn); (3) of wounds, to be healed (sár hans greru seint); Ingólfr lá í sárum vetr þenna, ok greri yfir at kalla, his wounds were healed in a way; of the person, gróinn sára sinna, healed of one’s wounds; g. um heilt, to be quite healed; fig. to be reconciled (grœr um heilt með þeim).

gróði, m. growth, increase.

gróðr (gen. -rar, pl. -rar), m. growth, crop (blóta til gróðrar).

gróðrar-ligr, a. fertile; healing.

gróðr-samr, a. fertile; -setja (see setja), v. to plant; -vænligr, a. healing (-vænlig smyrsl).

gróf, f. pit.

gróm-lauss, a. free from shot.

grómr, m. blot, dirty spot.

grufla (), v. to grovel an all-fours.

gruggóttr, a. muddy, turbid.

gruna (), v. (1) to suspect, mistrust (Grettir grunaði hann); vera grunaðr um e-t, to be suspected of; (2) to doubt (ekki grunum vér illvilja yðvarn); (3) to suppose, guess (gruna ek, at fjölmenni muni fyrir); (4) impers., mik grunar e-t or um e-t, I suspect, doubt.

grunan, f. suspecting, suspicious.

grun-brusligr, a. suspicious-looking (þú ert g. maðr).

grund (pl. -ir), f. green field, grassy plain (í grundinni hjá þverá).

grunda (), v. to meditate on.

grundan, f. meditation.

grundr, m. inquiry; gefa (grafa) grund at e-u, to inquire into.

grund-valla (), v. to found; -völlr, m. ground for a building (marka -völl til húss, kirkju); foundation; reisa hús af -velli, to make a building from the ground.

grun-lauss, a. unsuspecting; trúa guði -laust, to put absolute faith in God; vera -lauss af e-u, to be unsuspected, above suspicion; -maurar, m. pl., only in the phrase, e-n bíta -maurar, one suspects.

grunn, n. shallow, shoal; róa á g., to run a ground.

grunn-eygðr, a. goggle-eyed; -fall, n. a breaker on a shoal; -fastr, a. fast aground; -fœri, n. pl. anchor-tackle. cable; draga upp -fœri, to weigh anchor; -hygginn, a. shallow-minded, silly; -hygni, f. silliness; -lettr, a. thin-faced.

grunnr (-s, -ar), m. bottom (of sea or water); til grunns, til grunna, down to the bottom; ganga á grunn, to come to an end (fig.).

grunnr (grynnri, grynnstr), a. shallow; standa grunnt, to be shallow (vinitta okkur stendr grunnt).

grunn-stiglaðr, pp. hard frozen; -sæi, f. simplicity, credulity; -sæliga, adv. foolishly; -sæligr, a. foolish; -sær, a. shallow-witted, foolish; -sævi, n. shallow water; -úðigr, a. shallow-minded; -ýðigr, f. shallowness of mind, credulity.

grunr (-ar, -ir), m. suspicion, doubt, uncertainty (e-m er grunr á e-u); grafa grun á (um e-t), to suspect; hafa grun á e-m um e-t, to suspect one of a thing; e-m leikr grunr á um e-t, one feels suspicious about a thing; draga gruni á um e-t, to conceive a suspicion of; renna grunum á. e-t, to doubt, to guess at; búa um grun, to be suspected; um grun, by guile (sem þetta væri eigi um grun gört).

grun-samligr, a. suspicous-looking; -samr, a. suspected (hafa e-n -saman); -semd, f. suspicion.

grunsemdar-lauss, a. free from suspicion.

grúfa (-ða, -t), v. to grovel, to cower or crouch down (hann grúfði at eldinum; þeir grúfa í skjöldu sina).

grúfa, f., in the phrase, liggja á grúfu, to lie face down, on one’s belly.

gryfja, f. hole, pit.

grynna (-ti, -t), v. impers. to become shallower; grynnir dalinn, the dale became less deep; refl., grynnast = grynna (þá er grynntist yfir at landinu).

grýfi-liga, adv. hideously.

grýjandi, f. dawn (rare).

grýla, f. (1) giantess; (2) bug-bear (ekki hirði ek um grýlur yðrar).

grýta (-tta, -ttr), v. (1) to stone one to death (g. e-n í hel, til bana); (2) g. á e-n, at e-m, to pelt one with stones.

grýta, f. pot.

grýting, f. stoning (to death).

grýttr, a. stony.

grýtu-ker, n. earthen pot.

græð, f. malice, hostility (= gráleikr).

græðgi, f. greediness, gluttony.

græska, f. malice (= græð).

grœða (-dda, -ddr), v. (1) to make grow; (2) to heal (g. sar, g. sjóka); (3) to increase; g. fé, to make money; refl., vindrinn grœddist, the wind increased; grœðist e-m fé, peningar one makes money.

grœðari, m. healer, saviour.

grœði-ligr, a. healable.

grœðing, f. (1) growth, increase (byrr var í grœðingu); (2) healing, cure (g. sótta; andlig g.).

grœfr, a. fit to be buried.

grœnast (-d), v. to become green (grœnist jörð).

grœn-fainn, a. green-stained.

grœn-leikr, m. greenness, verdure.

Grœn-lendingr, m. Greenlander.

grœn-lenzkr, a. of or belonging to Greenland (Grœnland).

grœnn, a. (1) green (g. sem gras); (2) fresh (g. fiskr); (3) good fit; sá mun nú grœnstr (the most hopeful choice) at segja satt.

grœn-tó, f. tuft of grass; -tyrfa (-ða, -ðr), v. to cover with green turf.

grœta (-tta, -ttr), v. to make one weep, distress one; grœttr, grieved.

grœti, n. pl. tears, sorrow.

grœti-ligr, a. lamentable, sad.

grœtir, m. one who makes another weep (gýgjar g.).

gröf (gen. grafar; pl. grafir and grafar), f. (1) pit, ditch (grafa g.); (2) grave; þat mein leiddi hann til grafar, caused his death.

gröftr (gen. graftar and graftrar, dat. grefti and greftri), m. (1) digging (vera at grefti); (2) burial, interment; veita e-m gröft, to bury; (3) tomb; (4) carving.

grön (gen. granar, pl. granar), f. (1) the hair on the upper lip, moustache (svá ungr, at eigi mun g. sprottin); (2) lip; legðu munn við g., lay thy mouth to his lips; e-m bregðr vá fyrir g., one is startled, alarmed; bregða grönum, to draw back the lips, grin; in pl. the lips of a cow or bull.

grön (gen. granar), f. pine-tree.

gröptr (gen. graptar), m. = gröftr.

grösugr, a. grassy, grass-grown.

guð, m. (and n.), God.

guðdóm-ligr, a. god-like, divine.

guð-dómr, m. godhead, divinity; -dóttir, f. god-daughter; -faðir, m. godfather; -gefmn, pp. given by God, inspired; -hræddr, a. godfearing; -hræzla, f. fear of God; -lasta (), v. to blaspheme; -lastan, f. blasphemy; -latr, a. ungodly; -leysi, n. godlessness; -ligr, a. godlike, divine; -magn, n. = goðmagn; -níðingr, m. traitor to God, apostate, renegaade.

guðniðing-skapr, m. apostasy.

guð-réttligr, a. righteous; -rækiligr, a. ungodly; -rækr, a. ungodly; -rœkiliga, adv. piously; -rœkinn, a. pious; -sifi (gen. -sifja), m. ‘gossip’ godfather; -sifjar, f. pl. spiritual relationship, sponsorship; veita e-m -sifjar, to be a sponsor (godfather) to.

guðs-lög, n. pl. the canon law (halda -lög ok landsins).

guð-spjall, n. gospel; -spjalligr, a. evangelical.

guðvefjar-klæði, n. pl. a suit of clothes made of guðvefr; -kyrtill, m., -skikkja, f. kirtle of guðvefr.

guð-vefr, m. a costly fabic used for garments, etc.; ? velvet.

gufa, f. vapour, steam.

gugna (), v. to lose heart, quail.

gul, n. gentle breeze, = gol.

gula, f. (1) = gola; (2) = gulusótt.

gul-brúnaðr, a-yellow-brown; -grár, a. yellow-grey; -grœnn, a. yellow-green (í gulgrœnum kyrtli).

gull, n. (1) gold; (2) = fingrgull.

gull-aldr, m. golden age; -auðigr, a. rich in gold; -auðr, m. wealth in gold; -band, n. golden head-band; -baugr, m. gold ring; -bitlaðr, a. golden-bitted; -bitull, m. bit (bridle) of gold; -bjartr, a. bright as gold; -bóka (), v. to embroider in gold; -bóla, f. (1) gold boss; (2) golden bull (bulla aurea); -brynja, f. golden coat of mail; -búinn, pp. ornamented with gold; -bollr, m. golden ball; -dálkr, m. gold pin; -festr, f. gold chain; -fjallaðr, pp. embroidered in gold; -gódr, a. of pure gold; -górr, a. made of gold; -hagr, a. skilled in working gold; -hálsar, m. pl. gold-necks, lordlings; -hárr, a. golden-haired; -hella, f. bar of gold; -hjalt, n. gold hill; -hjálmr, m. golden helmet; -hlað, n. gold lace (esp. to tie up the hair with); -hlaðinn, pp. laced with gold; -hringr, m. gold ring; -hús, n. jewel-chest; -hyrndr, a. golden-horned.

gullin-bursti, m. gold-mane; -hjalti, m. golden-hilt (a sword with a hilt of gold); -kambi, m. gold comb.

gullinn, a. golden.

gull-knappr, m. gold button; gold knob; -knútr, m. gold knot; -kóróna, f. golden crown; -leggja (see leggja), v. to lace with gold; -ligr, a. golden, of gold; -mál, n. inlaid figure of gold; -men, n. gold necklace; -miðlandi, m. distributor ofvgold; -nisti, n. gold pin; -ofinn, pp. gold-woven; -rekinn, pp. inlaid with gold (-rekit spjót); -rendr, a. gold-striped; -ritinn, pp. written in gold; -roðinn, pp. gilt; -saumaðr, pp. embroidered with gold; -settr, pp. gold-mounted; -skillingr, m. gold shilling; -skotinn, pp. woven with gold; -skór, m. gold shoe; -smeittr, pp., -smeltr, pp. gold-enamelled (of a shield); -smiðr, m. goldsmith; -smíð, f. goldsmith’s work, working in gold; -spánn, m. (1) gold ornament (on ships); (2) gold spoon; -sproti, m. gold sceptre; -stafaðr, pp. gold-striped; -stafr, m. golden letter; -steindr, pp. gilt; -stöng, f. bar of gold; -stylgja, f. gold brooch; -tafla, f. golden piece (used in playing); -teinn, m. golden rod; -vafiðr, pp. wound with gold; -veggr, m. golden wall; -viðjar, f. pl. gold withies; -vöndr, m. golden wand.

gulr, a. yellow (gult silki).

gul-rendr, a. gold-striped.

gulu-sótt, f. jaundice.

gumi (pl. gumar), m. man (poet.).

gumnar, m. pl. men (poet.); gumna synir, the sons of men.

gumpr, m. bollom, fundament.

gumsa (), v. to scoff at, mock.

gunnar-fúss, -gjarn, a. eager for battle.

gunn-fáni, m. ‘gonfarron’, war-banner; processional banner.

gunn-heilagr, a. invulnerable; -hvatr, a. warlike.

gunnr (gen. -ar, dat. and acc. -i), f. war, battle (poet.).

gunn-tamiðr, pp. used to war.

guss, n. fuss; gussa (), v. to make fuss and noise.

gusta (), v. to blow in gusts.

gust-illir, a. having foul breath; -kaldr, a. gusty, chilly (veðrit var gustkalt); -mikill, a. gusty.

gustr, m. (1) gust; (2) smell.

Gyðinga-land, n. Palestine; -skirn, f. circumcision.

gyðing-ligr, a. Jewish.

Gyðingr (-s, -ar), m. Jew.

gyðja, f. (1) goddess; (2) priestess.

gylfi, m. prince, king (poet.).

gylfra, f. (1) ogress witch; (2) er þat helzt við orði, at gylfrum gangi vinittan, it is rumoured that your friendship is all gone to the dogs.

gylla (-da, -dr and -ta, -tr), v. to gild; g. hóli, to flatter.

gylling, f. (1) gilding; (2) pl. vain praise (fara með glyllingar).

gylta, f. young sow.

gyltr, f. young sow.

gymbill, m. he-lamb.

gymbr (gen. -rar), f. ewe-lamb.

gyrða (-ða, -ðr), v. (1) to gird (with a belt); g. sik, to gird oneself, fasten one’s belt (cf. gyrðr í brœkr); g. sik með sverði, to gird on a sword; (2) to girth (g. hest, g. söðul).

gyrðill, m. (1) girdle; (2) purse (hon lét féit í gyrðilinn).

gyrja, v. to stain with blood.

gys, n., gyss, m. mocking; gera gys at e-u, to mock at a thing.

gyzki, m. wonder (rare).

gýgr (gen. -jar, pl. -jar), f. giantess, hag (þar bjó ein gýgr).

gæfa, f. goodluck; bera gæfu til e-s, to have luck in a thing.

gæfr, a. quiet, meek; þat er mér ok gæfast, that is most pleasant to me.

gæfu-drjúgr, a. lucky; -fátt, a. n., e-m er -fátt, one has little luck; -hlutr, m. share of good luck; -lauss, a. luckless; -leysi, n. lucklessness; -maðr, m. lucky man; -mannligr, a. as a lucky man; -mikill, a. having great luck; -munr, m. difference in luck; -raun, f. trial of luck; -samliga, adv. luckily; -samligr, a. lucky; -skipti, n. turn or change of luck; -skortr, m. want of luck; -vant, a. n. wanting in luck.

gægjast (ð), v. refl. to bend eagerly forward and peep.

gær, adv. only with the prep. í; (1) yesterday (vara þat nú né í gær); (2) poet. tomorrow (þótt nú eðr gær deyjum).

gæra, f. sheepskin with the wool on.

gær-dagr, m. yesterday; -kveld, n. yesterday evening.

gæta (-tta, -tt), v. (1) to watch, take care of, guard, with gen.; g. skóklæða e-s, to take care of one’s shoes; g. dura í höllinni, to guard the door of the hall; g. kúa, hesta, to tend cows, horses; g. dóma, to observe justice; g. ráðsins, to take heed to the advice; g. til e-s, to mind, take care of, attend to (svá gættu þeir til, at ekki varð at); (2) refl., ok um þat gættust, and took counsel together.

gæti-liga, adv. heedfully.

gætinn, a. heedful, wary.

gætir, m. keeper, warder.

gætti, n. door-frame, doorpost; hurð var á g., the door was ajar.

gætur, f. pl., hafa g. á e-u, gefa g. at e-u, to take care of, mind.

gæzla, f. watch, keeping.

gæzlu-engill, m. guardian angel; -lauss, a. unguarded; -maðr, m. keeper; -sótt, f. an illness which involves watching over the patient.

gœða (-dds, -ddr), v. (1) to endow, enrich (g. e-n fé ok virðingu); (2) to increase; g. rás, ferð, to quicken the pace; g. róðrinn, to quicken the stroke, pull quicker; adding the prep. á; svá mikit gœddi þetta á, it increased so much, went to such a pitch; var þá nökkuru heimskari en áðr, ef á mátti g., sillier, if possible, than before.

gœða-lauss, a. void of good things, barren (gœðalaust land).

gœði, n. pl. good or profitable things, boons, emoluments.

gœðingr (-s, -ar), m. nobleman, chief (konungr ok hans gœðingar).

gœl, n. = gœlingar-orð.

gœla (-da, -dr), v. to comfort, soothe (verð á mik gœla).

gœling, f. soothing; gœlingar-orð, n. pl. soothing words.

gœzka, f. (1) goodness, kindness; (2) good things (= gœði).

gœzku-fullr, a. full of goodness, merciful; -lauss, a. merciless; -samligr, a. good, kind; -verk, n. charitable deed.

göfga (), v. (1) to worship (g. goð); (2) to honour (g. dróttins-dag).

göfgan, f. worshipping; göfgari, m. worshipper.

göfug-kvendi, n. noble woman, lady; -látr, a. worshipful, generous; -leikr, m. worshipfullness, highness; -ligr, a. (1) worshipful, noble-looking; (2) magnificent (-ligr staðr); -menni, n. noble, worshipful man; -mennr, a. with many worshipful men.

göfugr (göfgari, göfgastr), a. noble, worshipful (g. at kyni).

gøgn, gøgnum, see ‘gegn, gegnum’.

göltr (gen. galtar, dat. gelti; pl. geltir), m. boar, hog.

göng, n. pl. passage (ór kastala vóru göng upp í kirkju).

göngu-drykkja, f. drinking-bout; -fœri, n. = gang-fœri; -fœrr, a. able to walk; -kona, f. vagrant woman; -líð, n. (1) footmen, infantry; (2) help, assistance.

göngull, a. running much about.

göngu-maðr, a. beggar, vagrant; -mannliga, adv. beggar-like, beggarly; -sveinn, m. vagrant, tramp; gør, n. poet. flock.

gøra, gørva (-ða, -ðr, and görr), v. (1) to make, construct, build (g. hús skip, haug); g. bók, to write a book; (2) to set in order, prepare, perform, &c.; g. veizlu, to make a banquet; g. seið, blót, to perform a sacrifice; g. ferð, to make a journey; g. ráð sitt, to make up one’s mind; g. ráð með e-m, to take counsel with, advise one; (3) to contract (g. vináttu, félagskap); (4) to grant, render; g. kost, to give a choice; (5) with acc. of an adj.; g. sik líkan e-m, to make oneself like to, imitate one; g. sik reiðan, to take offence; g. skjót-kørit, to make a quick choice; (6) to do, act; g. gott (illt), to do good (evil); hefir hann marga hluti gört stór-vel til min, I have received many great benefits at his hands; g. e-m gagn, to give help to one; (7) to do, avail; þat mun ekki g., that won’t do; ekki gørir at dylja, it is no use denying it; (8) to send, dispatch (hann gørði þegar menn frá sér); (9) to beget (af henni gørði hann hinn fyrsta soninn); (10) to judge or arbitrate in a case (= g. um mál); to fix the amount of a fine (gørði Njáll hundrað silfrs); g. sér e-t, to adjudge to oneself; (11) with infin. as an auxiliary verb; ef hón gørði koma, if she did come; gørðit hón hjúfra, she did not wail; (12) impers. one becomes; hann gørði fölvan, he turned pale; veðr gørði hvast, a gale arose; brið mikla gørði at þeim, they were overtaken by a storm; mér gørir svefnhöfugt I grow sleepy; (13) with preps., g. mikit af sér, to distinguish oneself; g. e-t af e-m, to extort (take) from one; g. e-t af við e-n, to wrong a person, transgress against one (ek hefi engan hlut af gørt við þik); g. góðan (mikinn) róm at máli e-s, to cheer (praise) another’s speech; g. at e-u, to mend, put right (tekr bann kníf ok gørir at skónum); to heal (kannt þú nókkut g. at slíkum meinum); hann gørði þat eina at, er hann átti, he did only what he ought; slíkt gørir at, er sölin etr, so it happens when one eats seaweed; g. at skapi e-s, to conform to one’s wishes; g. at álitum, to take into consideration; g. sér úgetit at e-u, to be displeased with; g. á hluta e-s, to wrong one, do harm to; g. fáleika á sik, to make oneself look sad; g. eptir e-m, to send for one; g. e-t eptir, to imitate; g. ráð fyrir e-u, to suppose; g. sér mikit (lítit) fyrir, to make great (small) efforts; g. sér e-t hug, to resolve, plan; g. sér gott hug, to be easy in mind; g. milli (á m.) e-m, to decide between; g. til e-rra, to make preparations for; g. e-t til, to prepare, make ready, dress meat; g. til e-s, to de serve a thing; hvat hafðir þú til gört, what hadst thou done to deserve it?; g. sœmdir til e-s, to confer honour upon one; g. til saka við e-n, to transgress against one; g. um mál, to arbitrate in a case (þær urðu málalyktir, at Þórdr skyldi g. um); g. mikit um sik, to make a great noise; g. sér mikit um e-t, to make much of, admire; g. upp, to rebuild, restore (g. upp hús, skála); g. e-n upp, to upset one; g. e-n útan, to banish, exile (Flosi var görr útan); g. e-t við e-n, to do with one (þá var um rœtt, hvat við þá skyldi g.); g. við e-u, to prevent; (14) refl., gørast, to become, arise (þá gørðist hlátr); sá atburðr gørðist, it came to pass; gørðist með þeim félagskapr, they entered into fellowship; gørast konungr, to become king; svá gørðist, at, it so happened, that; impers., næsta gørist mér kynligt, I feel rather uneasy; gørast ferðar sinnar, to set out for a journey; with infin., ár var þat er Guðrún gørðist at deyja, was nigh to death; g. í, to occur, happen (sögdu þeir konungi, hvat í hafði görzt); g. til e-s, to set about doing (þessir menn hafa görzt til svá mikils stórrœðis).

gör-bœnn, a. begging hard, impotunate (gørast g. við e-n).

gørð, f. (1) making, building; (2) doing, act, deed; orð ok gørðir, words and deeds; (3) arbitration, award; leggja mál í g., to submit a case to arbitration; taka menn til gørðar, to choose umpires; segja or lúka upp g., to deliver the arbitration.

gørðar-maðr, m. umpire.

gør-farinn, pp. quite gone, quite lost; -hugall, a. very heedful, mindful.

görla, adv. quite, fully (vita g.).

görn (pl. garnar and garnir), f. gut.

görning, f. doing, deed.

gørninga-hrið, f. a storm raised by witchcraft; -maðr, m. sorcerer.

gørningar, f. pl. witchcraft, sorcery.

gørninga-sótt, f. sickness caused by sorcery; -stakkr, m. enchanted jacket; -veðr, n. = -hrið; -vættr, f. witch.

gørningr, m. = gørning.

gøróttr, a. poisonous (g. er drykkrinn, ái!).

görr, gørr, gerr (acc. görvan), a. and pp. (1) skilled, accomplished (vel at sér g.); leggja görva hönd á e-t, to to be an adept, a master in a thing; (2) ready, willing (g. gull at bjóða). with gen., g. ills hugar, prone to evil skulut þess görvir, be ready for that! (3) svá gört, so done, so; verða menn þat svá gört at hafa, it must be so at svá görvu, this being the case.

gørr, adv. compar., gørst, adv. superl. more, most fully.

gør-ræði, n. arbitrary act; -samliga, adv. altogether, quite.

gør-semi, -simi (pl. -semar), f. costly thing, jewel, treasure; -simligr, a. costly.

gør-tœki, n. unlawful seizure of another man’s property.

gørva, v. = gera, gøra.

görva (gørva, gerva), adv. quite, clearly; muna g., to remember clearly; ef þú g. kannar, if thou search closely cf. gørr, gørst.

görv-allr, a. entire, whole.

gørvi (pl. gørvar), f. gear, apparel; -búr, n. store-house.

gørvi-leikr, m. accomplishments; -ligr, a. accomplished, doughty.

götu-breidd, f. breadth of a road; -leysi, n. pathless tract; -nisti, n. provisions for a journey; -skarð, n. a defile with a path through it.

götva (), v. to bury.

götvaðr, m. slayer (?).