V

vað, n. wading place, ford (þar var þá v. á ánni, er nú er ekki).

vaða (veð; óð, óðum, and vóð, vóðum; vaðinn), v. (1) to wade through water, snow, smoke, fire (v. ár, mjöll, reyk, eld); absol. to wade through water; Þórr óð til lands, Th. waded ashore; (2) to rush (Kolskeggr óð at honum); v. at vígi, to rush into fight; v. fram, to rush forth, in battle; hann lætr v. stein til eins þeira, he lets fly a stone at one of them; hón lét skíran málm v., threw gold broadcast; (3) v. uppi, to appear above water (óðu limarnar uppi, en rœtrnar í sjónum); fig. to be overbearing (þenna tíma óð herra A. mjók uppi).

vað-bjúgr, a. falling slack like a fishing-line; fara -bjúgr fyrir e-m, to give in; -horn, n. a horn fastened to the gunwale of a boat over which to draw the fishing line.

vaðill (pl. vaðlar), m. (1) wading (við vás ok vaðla spiltist mjök meinit); (2) shallow water, esp. places where fiords or straits can be passed on horseback (var flœðr sævar ok ekki reitt yfir vaðla).

vaðil-sund, n. shallow sound.

vaðinn, pp. gone, done with, destitute; vaðin at vilja, joy-bereft.

vað-mál, n. a plain woolen stuff, wadmal (sex alnir vaðmáls).

vaðr (pl. -ir), m. (1) fishing-line; (2) a line for measuring (draga vað yfir þveran akrinn).

vað-steinn, m. a stone (serving as a lead) on a fishing-line.

vaf, n. wrapping; verða lítill í vafi, to be small, insignificant.

vafi, m. doubt, uncertainty.

vafin-skepta, f. an axe with an iron-bound handle.

vafka (), v. = vafra.

vafla (), v. = vafra.

vaflanar-för, f. vagrancy.

vafningr, m. entanglement (þótti öllum horfa til inna mestu vafninga).

vafra (), v. to hover about, roam.

vafr-leysa, f. nonsense; -logi, m. flickering flame.

vaf-spjörr, f. a strip of cloth wound round the leg instead of stockings.

vaga (), v. to wag, waddle.

vagar, f. pl. sledge; cf. ‘vögur’.

vagga, f. cradle (barn í vöggu).

vagl, m. beam, esp. an upper cross-beam; -eygr, a. wall-eyed.

vagn, m. (1) vehicle, sledge, wagon, carriage; (2) Charles’s Wain.

vagna, f. dolphin or porpoise, = vögn (sáu þeir vögnu eina).

vagna-borg, f. rampart of chariots; -braut, f. carriage road; -hvel, n. wagon-wheel; -líð, n. host of chariots; -meistari, m. master of chariots.

vagn-hestr, m. chariot-horse; -hlass, n. wqgon-load; -karl, m. wagoner; -sleði, m. sledge-wain; -slóð, f. wagon-track.

vaka (vaki, vakta, vakat), v. (1) to be awake, to keep awake (hann hefir vakat í alla nótt); v. yfir e-u, to watch during the night (v. yfir fé sínu); (2) to awake, = vakna (hann bað hann v. skjott).

vaka (gen. pl. vakna), f. (1) waking halda vöku sinni, to keep oneself awake; (2) vigil (fara til hins heilaga Ólafs til vöku); (3) eve of saint’s day.

vakka (), v. to stray, hover about, = vafka (þeir látu v. við skipin).

vakna (), v. to awake, wake up (er hann vaknaði, þá rann dagr upp); menn vöknuðu við, er hann gekk út, men woke up just as he went out; v. við e-t, to recognize, recollect (þá vaknaði konungr við ætt þeira).

vaknan, f. awakening.

vakna-skeit, n. vigil-time.

vakr (vökr, vakrt), a. watchful, alert, wakeful (v. í bœnahaldi).

vakr-liga, adv. nimbly; -ligr, a. watchful, lively; -lyndr, a. frisky.

vakta (), v. to watch, with acc.

val, n. choice; hann spurði hverjar sögur í vali væri, what stories there were to choose among; engi váru völ á því, there was no chance of that.

vala-ript, f. French cloth.

val-baugar, m. pl. French rings, foreign gold; cf. ‘Valir’.

val-blóð, n. blood from the slain (valr); -bráð, f. flesh of the slain (manna -bráðir).

val-bygg, n. foreign barley.

val-böst, f. some part of a sword.

vald, n. (1) power, authority (þér hafið vald til þess at ráða þessu at sinni); eiga (fá) v. yfir e-m, to have (get) power over one; gefast í v. e-s, ganga (koma) á, v. e-s, to submit to one; (2) power, dominion (þá tók til v. Sviakonungs); (3) pl. völd, the cause or origin of a thing; kenni ek þér völd um þat, I charge it on thee; af mínum völdum, of my doing.

valda (veld, olla or volda, valdit), v. (1) to wield, with dat.; ef ek em svá ústerkr, at ek má eigi v. sverðinu, that I cannot wield the sword; (2) to rule over; en þar Heimdall kveða v. véum, there they say H. rules over the fane; (3) to cause, be the cause of, with dat. or absol. (eigi vissu menn, hvat því olli); þessu mun Svanr v., this must be Swan’s doing.

valdandi, valdari, m. wielder, ruler (sigrs valdari).

vald-borg, f. stronghold.

valdi, m., in ‘ein-, fólkvaldi’.

valdi, a., v. e-s = valdr e-s.

valdr, m. wielder, ruler.

valdr, a., v. e-s, the cause of, guilty of (þótt þú sjálfr sér þess eigi v.).

val-dreyri, m. = valblóð; -dreyrugr, a. gory with blood of the slain.

valds-ligr, a. powerful, mighty; -maðr, m. mighty man, ruler.

val-dýr, n. carrion-beast, esp. wolf; -dögg, f. ‘the dew of the slain’, blood; -fall, n. the fall of the slain; -fóðr, m. father of the slain, Odin; -galdr, m. charms, spells to raise the dead; -gjarn, a. greedy for carrion, of the wolf; -glaumr, m. the swarm of the slain in Valhalla; -grind, f. the gate of Valhalla.

val-knot, f. walnut.

val-höll, f. (1) the hall of the slain, Valhalla; (2) a great hall of a king.

valin-kunnr, a. (1) impartial; (2) honest, respectable.

Valir, m. pl. the inhabitants of France (other than the Franks); Vala málmr, Vala ript, gold or costly stuff from France.

val-kyrja, f. a chooser of the slain, Valkyrie; -köstr, m. a heep of slain.

Val-land, n. France.

vallari, m. destitute person, tramp, beggar; vagabond, wanderer.

vallar-sýn, f. outward appearance (miklir eru þeir at -sýn).

vall-gangr, m. excrements; -gróinn, pp. grown with turf (-grónir bakkar); -þrúðr, a. proud of gait.

val-mær, f. = valkyrja.

valneskr, a. French, = valskr.

valr, m. the slain (látu þeir búa um val þann, er þar hafði fallit).

valr (-s, -ir), m. hawk, falcon.

valr, a. round, oval.

val-rauðr, a. blood-red, crimson; -rauf, -rof, n. plundering the slain; -rúnar, f. pl. obscure runes; -sinni, n. the company of the slain.

valska, f. the French language, = völsk tunga; valskr, a. French; valskar mýss, rats.

val-slöngva, f. ‘war-sling’, catapult; -stefna, f. war-meeting, battle; -tivar, m. pl. gods of the slain.

valtr, a. easily upset, unstable, unsteady (völt er þessa heims hamingja).

val-veiðr, f. hawking.

valz-ligr, a. proud, = valdsligr.

vamm, n. blemish, = vömm; leita e-m vamms, to do one harm.

vamma-fullr, a. full of blemishes; -lauss, -vanr, a. unblemished.

van-, a prefixed particle denoting lacking, under-, un-.

vana (), v. (1) to diminish, opp. to ‘auka’; (2) to disable, spoil, destroy; (3) refl., vanast, to wane, fail.

van-afli, a. weak, waning in strength.

vana-ligr, a. usual, common; -sótt, f. habitual illness; -sótt kvenna, menstruation; -sóngr, m. usual singing.

van-burða, a. indecl. born prematurely (-burða eldi); -búinn, pp. unprepared.

vanda (), v. (1) to work elaborately, bestow great pains on, prepare carefully (hón gerði honum ok klæði öll, er mest skyldi v.); vandaðr, elaborate, highly finished (vandaðr skipabúnaðr); vandaðar krásir, choice dainties; (2) to pick out the best, choose carefully (muntu þurfa at v. til ferðar þessar bædi menn ok skip); (3) to find fault with, be particular about, care, mind, with a negative (v. lítt um siðu manna); vanda ek eigi, þótt sá sé drepinn, I mind not though he be killed; v. um e-t við e-n, to find fault with one for a thing, complain of; (4) refl., vandast, to become difficult, precarious (þykki mér nú v. málit); impers., vandast um e-t, it becontes difficult.

vanda-, gen. from ‘vandi’; -bundinn, pp. closely allied, connected with (-bundinn e-m); -hlutr, m. difficult thing (eigi lítill -hlutr).

vanda-, gen. pl. from ‘vöndr’; -hús, n. wicker-house.

vanda-lauss, a. (1) not difficult, easy; (2) unrelated with (-lauss e-m;) -lausir menn, strangers; (3) free of obligation (ek vil vera -lauss af, þótt, þú farir heim þangat); e-m er laust við e-n, one is in no relation to (quite neutral as to) a person; -lítill, a. easy; -maðr, m. relation, friend, = venzla-maðr; -mál, n. a difficult, complicated case; -mikill, a. closely connected; -ráð, n. = vanda-mál.

vandar-högg, n. flogging.

vanda-samligr, a. difficult; -sýsla, f. difficult task.

vanda-tíðir, f. pl. customary feasts.

vand-bálkr, m. a wall of wands or wicker, wattled partition.

vand-blœtr, a. fastidious, difficult to please; -fenginn, pp. difficult to get; -fœrr, a. difficult to pass, of a road; -gætt, pp. n., in the phrase, e-m verðr -gœtt til e-s, a thing is difficult to keep or manage; -hœfi, n. difficulty, difficult management; -hœfr, a. difficult to manage.

vandi, m. (1) difficulty, difficult task (lízt mér þat mikill v.); (2) responsibility (ek af sel vanda mér af höndum, hversu sem gefst); (3) obligation, duty, esp. of relationship; e-m er v. á við e-n, one is under obligation to a person (er þér miklu meiri v. á við Eirik konung en Egil); binda sér vanda við e-n, to enter into obligation.

vandi, m. custom, habit, wont (leggja e-t í vanda); at (or eptir) vanda, as usual.

vandindi, n. pl. difficulties.

vand-kvæði, n. perplexity, trouble; hitta (koma) í -kvæði, to get into trouble; -launaðr, pp. difficult to reward as is due.

vand-laupr, m. basket of wands.

vand-látr, a. fastidious, difficult to please; -liga, adv. (1) carefully, exactly (segja -liga frá e-u); gæta e-s liga, to watch closely; (2) completely, fully (svá -liga týndu þeir sannleikinum, at engi vissi skapara sinn); -líft, a. n. difficult to live (e-m er -líft); -lyndi, n. difficult temper; -lyndr, a. difficult of temper; -læta (-tta, -tt), v. to be zealous; -læti, n. zeal.

vandlætis-maðr, m. zealot.

vand-mæli, n. difficult question.

vandr (vönd, vant), a. (1) difficult, requiring pains and care; sýndist henni vant at neita þessu boði, it was a risk to refuse such an offer; ór vöndu er at ráða, this is a difficult case; vera vant við kominn, to be in a perplexity; (2) e-m er vant við e-n, one is under obligation to a person, = e-m er vandi á við e-n; (3) careful; v. at e-u, particular about (hversu v. muntu vera at kaupunautum?).

vand-raun, f. hard trial.

van-drengr, m. mean, dishonourable fellow, = ú-drengr.

vandræða-félag, n. troublesome fellowship; -gripr, m. troublesome thing; -kostr, m. dire choice; -laust, adv. without troubles; skildu þeir allir -laust, they parted without a quarrel; -líkligr, a. likely to cause trouble; -maðr, m. troublesome person; -samr, a. troublesome; -skáld, n. troublesome poet, a nickname.

vand-ræðast (dd), v. refl. to grumble over, complain of (-ræðast um e-t).

vandræða-tak, n. troublesome taking; -vant, a. n. difficult.

vand-ræði, n. difficulty, trouble, perplexity (hann leysti hvers manns -ræði); -sénn, pp. difficult to see; -sét er við e-u, it is difficult to be on one’s guard against; -settr, pp. difficult to place; -skipaðr, pp. difficult to man (-skipaðr mun þér stafninn); -stilltr, pp. difficult to temper.

vand-styggr, a. ‘wand-shy’, flinching from the rod, of a horse.

vand-tekit, pp. n. difficult to receive; -tekit er við e-m, it is not safe to receive one; -veittr, pp. difficult to give; -virkliga, adv. painstakingly, carefully; -virkr, a. painstaking, careful; -virkt, f. (1) good workmanship; (2) carefulness, painstaking; -yrkliga, adv. = vand-virkliga.

van-efni, n. pl. lack of means; -farinn, pp. in a strait; vér erum -farnir hjá honum, we are much short of him; -ferli, n. things going wrong; -festr, pp. badly fastened; -frægð, f. disrepute; -frægja (-ða, -ðr), v. to bring a bad name on; -fœri, f. disability; -fœrr, a. (1) disabled, infirm; (2) unable, incapable (fœrr em ek til at gera þér veizlu).

vanga-bein, n. cheek-bone; -filla, f. skin and flesh of the cheek; -gull, n. ear-ring; -högg, n. box on the ear.

van-geyma (-da, -t), v. to be negligent of; -geyminn, a. negligent; -geymni, -geymsla, f. negligence.

vangi, m. the upper part of the cheek.

vangr, m. field (cf. ‘himinvangr’); frá mínum véum ok vöngum, from my hearth and home.

van-gæzla, f. negligence, = van-geymsla; -hagr, m. (1) disadvantage; (2) misconduct; -hald, n. damage, loss (bíða -hald af e-m); pl. ill-luck, thriftlessness; -haldin, pp. getting, less than one’s due, wronged; -heiðr, m. dishonour; -heila, f. = -heilsa; -heiligr, a. wretched, ill; -heilindi, n. failing health, illness; -heill, a. (1) not hale, disabled; e-m verðr -heilt, one is taken ill; (2) pregnant; -heilsa, f. failing health, illness; -henta, v. to stand in need of, want (hann kvad sér -henta annat); -hentr, a. not suitable; e-m er e-t -hent, it suits him not well; -hertr, pp. not pushed up to one’s mettle; -hluta, a. indecl. unfairly dealt with; verða -hluta, to be worsted; -hlutr, m. damage, loss; -hyggja, f. lack of fore thought.

vani, m. custom, usage; leggja e-t í vana sinn, to practice habitually.

van-kunnandi, -kunnasta, f. want of knowledge, ignorance; -launaðr, pp. badly rewarded; -lofaðr, pp. under-praised; -luktr, pp. half-finished; -lyktir, f. pl. neglect, með (at) -lyktum, unfinished, half done; -mátta, a. indecl. weak, infirm; -máttigr, a. failing in strength; unable, impotent; -máttr, m. failing strength, illness; -megin, n. (1) weakness, illness; (2) fainting, swoon; -meginn, a. feeble, weak; -megn, n. = van-megin; -megna (), v. to weaken; refl., -megnast, to grow faint; -menna, f., -menni, n. worthless person; -meta, a. indecl. in a weak, bad condition (var fótrinn -meta); -metnaðr, m. disgrace; -mettr, pp. hungry; -minni, n. forgetfulness; -mælt, pp. n., eiga e-t -mælt, to have anything unsaid, anything to say; hvárt sem mér verðr of mælt eða -mælt, whether I say too much or too little.

vanr, a. (1) wont, accustomed (bað hann ganga, til sætis þess, er hann var v. at sitja); v. e-u, used to a thing; (2) usual (ekki fekk ek minna til bús en vant er).

vanr, a. lacking, wanting, with gen.; handar em ek v., I lack a hand; vön geng ek vilja, I walk joyless; e-s er vant, something is wanting or missing; eitt sinn var vant kýr í Þykkvabœ, a cow was wanting.

van-rétti, n. loss of right, injury (þola -rétti); -rœkiliga, adv. carelessly, slovenly; -rœkinn, a. careless, negligent; -rœkja (-ta, -tr), v. to neglect, disregard; -roekni, f. lack of care, negligence; -roekt, f. lack of care, negligence; -sami, m. dishonour; -sénn, a. difficult to see.

vansi, m. (1) lack, want (v. matar ok klæða); (2) shame, disgrace (verða fyrir, fá, vansa); (3) harm, injury; þeir fengu engar bœtr fyrir vansa sina, they got no compensation for their hurts.

van-signaðr, pp. cursed; -skör-ungr, m. wretched fellow; -stilli, n. lack of moderation, intemperance; -stilling, f. lack of moderation, intemperance; -stilltr, pp. (1) wanting in temper, rash; (2) excessive; -sætti, n. discord; -sœmd, f. dishonour, contumely, = úsœmd.

vanta (), v. to want, lack; impers. with acc. of the person and thing (e-n vantar e-t); vantaði þá eigi hesta né aðra hluti, they wanted neither horses nor other things.

van-talat, pp. n. = -mælt; á ek við hvárigan ykkar -talat, I want to speak to neither of you; -talit, pp. n. not fully accounted for, short in the tale; -tempran, f. immoderation; -traust, n. lack of trust; -trú, f. unbelief; -trúaðr, pp. unbelieving; -trúnaðr, m. distrust; -trúr, a. = -trúaðr; -unninn, pp. unfinished; -virða (-rða, -rðr), v. disregard, dishonour, put to shame; -virða, f. disgrace, shame; -virðing, f. disgrace, shame; -virkja, f. defect fault; -vizka, f. foolishness.

vanyfla-sótt, f. habitual illness.

van-yfli, n. pl. chronic ailments.

var-, a prefixed particle, = van-.

vara (), v. (1) to warn, caution; v. e-n við e-u, to caution one against, bid one beware of (þú hefir þat ráð upp tekit, er ek varaða þik mest við); v. sik, to be on one’s guard, beware; (2) refl., varast = vara sik (þeir Þorgils vissu sér engis ótta ván ok vörudust ekki); v. af e-u to take warning from (svá at aðrir varist af úförum þinum); v. e-t, to be on one’s guard against, shun, take care not to (hann varaðist þat mest at koma við landit); bad jarlinn við v., to be on his guard.

vara (-ði), v. to give (one) a foreboding of; þess varir mik, at, I have a presentiment that; þeir kómu þar jafnan fram, er engi mann varði, where no one expected; bar hann skjótara at en þá varði, sooner than they expected; þá er minnst varir, when one least expects it.

vara, f. wares, in Norway chiefly of fur (grá-, skinna-vara), in Iceland of wadmal (vara íslenzk).

varan, f. (1) warning; (2) shunning.

varar-feldr, m. a kind of cloak; -skinn, n. skin current in trade; -váð, f. = vöruváð.

var-boðit, pp. n. underbidden, underrated; -búinn, pp. unprepared.

varða (), v. (1) to warrant, guarantee, answer for; v. fyrir e-n, to stand bail for one; ek vil, at Flosi einn varði við mik, my will is that F. alone shall be answerable (for the fines) to me; (2) to bargain for (S. hefir áðr varðat viðinn fyrir þrjú hundruð einlit); (3) to be of importance (ef þér þykkir v. um mína vináttu); v. e-n, to concern one, be of importance to one (at segja þér þat, er þik varðar); v. miklu, litlu, engu, to matter much, little, naught; hann kvað þá engu þat v., said it was no business of theirs; varðar engu um vára aptrkomu, it does not matter whether we come back or not; (4) to guard, watch, defend (v. land, alla vega); v. e-m e-t, to ward a thing off from a person withhold it from him; v. mér bátinn: to forbid me the boat, by force; v. e-m, with infin. to hinder, prevent (varðar hann fé váru at komast yfir ána); (5) to be liable to, punishable by (varðar þat fjörbaugsgarð); hvat varðar, þótt vér reynim, what risk though we try?; v. e-m e-t, to entail as a penalty upon one (spurði, hvat konu varðaði, ef hón væri í brókum jafnan svá sem karlar); v. við lög, to be punishable by law (þat ætla ek við lög v. at vinna á Mikjálsdegi); ok lét v. þriggja marka útlegð, he asked for a fine of three marks; (6) to belong to (sú jörð er klaustrinu varðaði).

varða, f. pile of stones, cairn (hlaða, reisa vörðu).

varð-berg, n. ‘watch-rock’, outlook; vera á -bergi, to be on the lookout; -hald, n. (1) holding ward, keeping watch; vera á -haldi, to keep watch (hann skyldi gæta hesta þeira ok vera á -haldi); (2) custody (hafa e-n í -haldi).

varðhalds-engill, m. guardian angel; -maðr, m. watchman.

varð-helgi, f. sanctuary, asylum; -hundr, m. watch-dog; -hús, n. watch-house.

varði, m. cairn = varða (var v. stórr fyrir ofan tjaldit).

varð-karl, m. watch-carle, warder; -klokka, f. watch-bell; -lokkur, f. pl. a kind of magic song, charms; -maðr, m. watchman, warder; -veita (-tta, -ttr), v. (1) to keep, preserve, with dat. (-veita þessum steini); later with acc., svá skal ek þik -veita, at þik skal ekki saka, I shall take such good care of thee, that no harm shall come to thee; -veita sik við e-u, frá e-u, to abstain from; ef maðr tekr grið ok -veitir þat ekki, if a man takes up an abode and does not keep it; (2) to observe (-veita guðs boðorðum); -veizla, f. keeping, custody; fá e-m fé til -veizlu, to hand money over to one to keep.

varðveizlu-lauss, a. watchless, unguarded; -maðr, m. warder, keeper.

var-fœri, f. wariness; -fœrr, a. wary, cautious (Ólafr bað hann vera varfœran).

varg-dropi, m. son of an outlaw.

var-gefin, pp. f. ill-matched, of a woman; -goldinn, pp. underpaid.

varg-hamr, m. wolf’s skin; -ljöð, n. pl. wolf-howlings.

vargr (-s, -ar), m. (1) wolf (trollkona sat á vargi); (2) thief, robber, miscreant; eyða vörgum, to destroy miscreants; (3) outlaw (Eyvindr hafði vegit í véum, ok var hann v. orðinn).

varg-rœkr, a. who is to be hunted down as a wolf.

vargs-hold, n. wolf’s flesh.

varg-skinn, n. wolf’s skin.

vargs-líki, n. likeness of a wolf (brugðu Æsir Vala í -líki); -rödd, f. voice (howling) of a wolf.

varg-stakkr, m. a cloak of wolf’s skin (þeir höfðu -stakka fyrir brynjur); -tré, n. gallows.

varg-úlfr, m. were-wolf.

varg-ynja, f. she-wolf; -öld, f. age (time) of wolves.

var-haldinn, pp. unfairly treated; -hluta, a. indecl. verða -hluta fyrir e-m, to get an unfair share, be wronged; -hugi, m. precaution; gjalda -huga við e-u, to beware of; -hygð, f. wariness, watchfulness.

vari, m. wariness, precaution; betri er hinn fyrri varinn, fore-thought is better than after-thought; til vara, by way of precaution.

vari, m. the watery substance of the blood (vatn, er menn kalla vara).

varinn, pp. conditioned = farinn (svá er mér varit, at).

varla, adv. hardly, scarcely.

var-launaðr, pp. insufficiently rewarded; eiga e-m -launat, to be in debt to one; -leika, a. indecl., verða -leika, to be worsted in a game; -leiki, m. wariness; -leitat, pp. n. insufficiently searched (hafa -leitat e-s); -liga, adv. (1) scarcely, hardly; (2) warily (fara, mæla -liga); -ligr, a. displaying wariness, cautious, safe (þat þótti -ligra).

varma-hús, n. a warmed room.

varmr, a. warm; var honum varmt mjök, he was very warm.

var-mæltr, pp. cautious in one’s language; cf. ‘varorðr’.

varna (), v. (1) to withhold from one, deny one a thing, v. e-m e-s (v. e-m liðveizlu, máls, réttinda); (2) v. við e-u, to abstain from (v. við kjötvi); varnaði-t við tárum, she could not forbear weeping.

varnaðar-bréf, n. letter of protection, safe-conduct; -maðr, m. warder, guardian.

varnaðr (gen. -ar), m. (1) protection, keeping (hafði hann tekit mál þeira á. sinn varnað); (2) warning, caution; láta sér annars víti at varnaði verða, to be warned by another’s woe; bjóða, setja e-m varnað ð e-u, to bid one beware of a thing; margir hlutir vóru þar til varnaðar mæltir, were forbidden; (3) wares, goods (Egill lét upp setja skip sín ok fœra varnað til staðar); (4) household people.

varnan, f. warning, caution.

varnar-, gen. from ‘vörn’; -aðili, m. defendant in a suit, opp. to ‘sóknar-aðili’; -eiðr, m., -gögn, n. pl., -kviðr, m. oath, evidence, verdict for the defence; -lauss, a. defenceless; -maðr, m. defender.

varningr, m. wares, goods, cargo.

var-orðr, a. wary in one’s words, discreet; cf. ‘varmæltr’.

varp, n. casting, throwing, of a net.

varpa (), v. to cast, throw, with dat. (v. frá sér kyrtlinum); v. öndinni, to draw a deep breath.

varpa, f. fishing-net.

varr (vör. vart), a. (1) aware; verða e-s v., verða v. við e-t, to be aware of, learn, hear; gera e-n varan við e-t, to warn a person; gera vart við e-t, to draw attention to a thing; (2) wary, cautious; vera v. um sik, to be on one’s guard; v. við e-t, on one’s guard against.

varr-simi, m. the wake of a ship.

vart, adv. (1) scantily, poorly (konur v. búnar); (2) scarcely.

varta, f. wart (þat tekr af vörtur).

vartari, m. strap, thong.

var-úð, f. precaution; gjalda varúð við e-u, to beware of.

varúðar-mál, n. pl. warning words.

var-úðigr, a. wary, cautious.

varúð-liga, adv. warily.

varzla, f. surety, caution, guarantee; ganga í vörzlu fyrir e-n, to become surety for one.

vasast (), v. refl., v. í e-u, to be entanged in, meddle with or in a thing (eigi vil ek v. í slíku).

vaska (), v. to wash the head, with dat. (v. höfði, honum, sér).

vask-leikr, m. bravery, valour; -liga, adv. valiantly; -ligr, a. of brave or gallant bearing.

vaskr, a. manly, valiant (þú ert maðr v. ok vel at þér).

vatn (gen. vatris or vatz), n. (1) water, fresh water (spratt þar v. upp); sól gengr at vatni, the sun sets in the sea; (2) fears (vatnit for niðr eptir kjálkanum á honum); halda vatni, to forbear weeping; (3) lake (Mjörs er svá mikit vatn, at líkara er sjó); (4) pl., vötn, large rivers (hnigu heilög vötn af Himin-fjöllum).

vatna (), v. (1) to water (v. hestum, fénaði); (2) to fast on water, = vatnfasta; (3) impers., land vatnar, the land disappears under the (horizon at) sea (þeir sigldu þrjá daga til þess er landit var vatnat).

vatna-djúp, n. abyss; -gangr, m. inundation, overflow, fall of rain; -hlaup, n. floods, rushing forth of waters; -vöxtr, m. swelling of waters; -þytr, m. sound of falling waters.

vatn-beri, m. = vatnsberi; -bólginn, a. dropsical; -dauðr, a. drowned in fresh water; -dragari, m. water-carrier; -dragi, m. water-carrier; -fall, n. (1) stream, river (svá mikit -fall sem áin Nið er); (2) torrents of rain (-fall fylgdi hér svá mikit ór lopti, at); -fátt, a. n. short of water; fá -fátt, to become short of water; -fasta (), v. to fast on water; -fasta, f. ‘water-fast’; -fiskr, m. fresh-water fish; -gangr, m. swelling of water; -kakki, m. water-butt; -karl, m. jug; -kálfr, m. dropsy; -ker, -kerald, n. water-vessel; -lauss, a. = vatnslauss; -ormr, m. water-serpent; -rás, f. = vatnsrás.

vatns-bakki, m. bank or shore of a lake; -beri, m. water-bearer, Aquarius; -botn, m. upper end of a lake; -burðr, m. carrying water; -drykkr, m. drink of water; -endi, m. end of a lake; -fall, n. = vatnfall; -farvegr, m. bed of a river; -fata, f. water-pail; -hríð, f. heavy shower of rain with wind; -íss, m. ice on a lake; -ker, n. water-vessel; -kerald, n. water-vessel; -lauss, a. waterless; -skírn, f. baptism in water; -skortr, m. lack of water; -óss, m. mouth of a lake (connected with the sea); -rás, f. water-course; -sótt, f. dropsy; -strönd, f. bank of a lake; -støkkull, m. a brush for sprinkling water; -veita, f. drain trench, aqueduct; -vígsla, f. consecration of water; -vík, f. creek in a lake; -æðr, f. vein of water.

vatta (), v. to grasp with gloves.

vatz-, = vatns-, vaz-.

vax, n. wax (bráðna sem v. við eld).

vaxa (vex; óx or vóx, óxum or uxum; vaxinn), v. (1) to wax, grow (hann heyrir þat er gras vex á jörðu); v. upp, to grow up (þá er hann óx upp); honum vóx eigi skegg, no beard grew on his chin; (2) v. e-u, to be overgrown with (hrísi vex ok hávu grasi vegr, er vætki treðr); (3) to wax, increase (veðr, vindr vex); þá er honum óx aldr, when he grew older; e-m vex e-t í augu, a thing grows big in one’s eyes; (4) to grow greater in fame (Sigurðr konungr þótti v. mikit af þessi veiziu).

vax-blys, n. wax-torch.

vaxinn, pp. (1) grown up (v. maðr); (2) overgrown with (grasi, skógi, viði, reyri v.); (3) shapen, formed (Nóregr er v. með þrem oddum); svá er við vaxit, the matter stands so.

vax-kerti, n. wax-candle, wax-light; -ljós, n. wax-candle, wax-light; -spjald, n. wax-tablet, for writing on.

vaxta-lauss, a. without increase or interest.

vaxt-samr, a. fruitful, productive.

vaz-, (= vats-) the common spelling for ‘vatns-’.

vaztir, f. pl. fishing-bank (á þær v., er hann var vanr at sitja).

(gen. vár), f. woe, calamity, danger; þat er lítil vá, ’tis no great harm; e-m bregðr vá fyrir grön, one gets a sudden fright (brá þeim vá fyrir grön, er þeir sá Birkibeina).

, f. nook, corner = vrá.

(váða), v. to blame (úkynnis þess vár þik engi maðr).

vá-beiða, f. an evil-boding monster; -brestr, m. a sudden evil-boding crash or sound; -böl, n. an unlooked for calamity.

váð (pl. -ar), f. (1) stuff, cloth as it leaves the loom (sat þar kona, sveigði rokk, bjó til váðar); (2) fishing-net; (3) pl., váðir, clothes (váðir mfnar gaf ek tveimr trémönnum).

váða-hark, n. terrible noise; -kuldi, m. perilous cold; -ligr, a. scatheful, perilous; -samligr, a. = -ligr; -verk, n. accidental deed, of an unintentional harm inflicted.

váð-áss, m. a pole to hang clothes on; -hœfr, a. fit for sail (-hœft veðr).

váði, m. scathe, danger, peril, of extreme sudden danger (mér þykkir við váða búit, ef); stýra e-m til ens mesta, váða, to expose one to the greatest danger.

váð-ker, n. a tub in which clothes are stamped or trodden; -meiðr, m. clothes-pole = -áss.

váð-veifliga, adv. suddenly.

váð-verk, n. cloth-making.

váð-vænligr, a. perilous; -vænn, a. fraught with danger; straumar váðvænir, dangerous currents.

váfa (-ða), v. to swing, vibrate to and fro, hang; v. yfir, to be impending.

váfa, f. ghost, spectre, shade.

vág, f. (1) balance, scales (hann biðr Gilla taka vágina); (2) weight (v. min af gulli).

vága (), v. to dare, venture.

vá-gestr, m. dangerous guest.

vág-föll, n. pl. the running of blood and matter from a sore.

vág-glati, m. destruction.

vág-marr, m. ‘wave-steed’, ship.

vágr (-s, -ar), m. (1) wave, sea; (2) creek, bay; (3) matter from a sore.

vág-rek, n. wreck, goods drifted ashore (skyldi þat -rek heita).

vágs-botn, m. inner end of a bay.

vág-skorinn, pp. indented with bays.

vála (), v. to wail.

válat, n. misery, destitution (hón grét mjök fátœki sitt ok v.).

válaðr, a. wretched, indigent, distressed (vesall ok v. ok fátœkr).

vá-ligr, a. hurtful, harmful (spyrja er bezt til váligra þegna); -lítill, a. (1) harmless, doing small harm; (2) very little, very short, of time; -ljúgr, m. disappointment (nú er mér orðinn -ljúgr at þeim átrúnaði).

válka, n. tossing to and fro, esp. at sea (fekk harm þá v. mikit).

válka (), v. (1) to toss to and fro, drag with oneself (eigi hœfir svá gömlum karli at v. svá væna mey); (2) v. e-t fyrir sér, v. e-t í hugnum, to ponder over; (3) refl., válkast í e-u, to wallow in (þeir höfðu válkazt í róðru ok blóði).

vá-lyndi, n. ill-will; -lyndr, a. ill-natured, scatheful.

váma, f. qualm, ailment.

vámr, m. a loathsome person.

ván (pl. -ir), f. hope, expectation, prospect; mér er v., at, I expect that; er v. e-s, it is to be expected; sliks var v., this was to be looked for; þeim var ills ván at Þór, they apprehended evil from Th.; sem hann hafði áðr sagt á ván, as he had given to understand; sem v. var at, as was to be expected; vita sér engis ótta vánir, to apprehend no danger; konungs var þangat v., the king was expected there; e-t stendr til vánar, it bids fair; e-t er at vánum, it is what could be looked for (ok er þat at vánum við skaplyndi Þorgeirs); vita v. til e-s, to expect; hann vissi enga v., at, he had no expectation that; eiga barn í vánum, to have a child in prospect; draga e-t í v., to hold out a prospect of; mörgum þykkir fyrir v. komit, many think it is past all hope; þá er allar vánir vóru rannsakaðar, when all likely places were searched; dat., vánu, with compar., vánu bráðara, skjótara, sooner than expected; vánu verr, worse than might be expected.

vána (), v. to hope, look for, expect, = vænta (ek vána, at góð verði þessi ferð).

vánar-lauss, a. hopeless; -maðr, m. (1) a person who has a prospect of being saved; (2) almsman, beggar; -völr, m. beggar’s staff (bera -völ).

ván-biðill, m. a wooer waiting for an answer.

vándr, a. (1) bad, wretched (í vándum klæðum); (2) bad, wicked (v. hefi ek verit, en aldri hefi ek þjófr verit).

vándska, f., vánd-skapr, m. wickedness; evil conduct.

vánds-liga, adv. badly; -ligr, a. bad, wicked; harmful.

ván-leysi, n. hopelessness; -ligr, a. likely, to be expected; -lygi, m. frustration of hope, disappointment.

vápn, n. weapon (vóru sumir vápnum vegnir, sumir grýttir til bana).

vápna (), v. to furnish with arms; v. sik, to arm oneself; refl., vápnast, to take one’s arms.

vápna-afli, m. stores of arms; -bit, n. ‘weapon-bite’, wound; -brak, n. din of arms; -burðr, m. (1) carrying of arms (þá var svá lítill -burðr, at ein var stálhúfa þá á alþingi); (2) fray, shower of weapons in battle; bar fyrir útan þat skip -burð heiðingja, their missiles fell outside the ship; -búnaðr, m. equipment of arms, armour; -búningr, m. equipment of arms, armour; -gangr, m. (1) clash of weapons; (2) shower of missiles; -glam, n., -gnýr, m. clash of weapons; -kista, f. arm-chest; -mót, n. fight, battle; -samankváma, f. meeting of weapons, battle; -skipti, n. (1) exchange of weapons; (2) exchange of blows (oss munu öll -skipti þungt ganga); -staðr, m. (1) a place where one may be wounded (sjá beran -stað á e-m); (2) weapon-mark, wound; -stefna, f. = -þing; -tak, n. (1) weapon-grasping, used to express consent by waving or brandishing the weapons (œptu upp allir með -taki, at þeir skyldi allir vera útlagir); gera -tak at e-u, to pass a resolution at a public assembly; (2) in the Icel. parliament, the breaking up of the session, when the men resumed their weapons (þat heitir -tak, er alþýða riðr af alþingi); (3) = -þing; -viðskipti, n. = -skipti; -þing, n. muster, wapenshaw (um morgininn átti konungr -þing ok kannaði lið sitt).

vápn-bitinn, pp. dead by the sword; -dauðr, a. weapon-dead, = -bitinn; -djarfr, a. gallant; -fimi, f. skill in arms; -fimr, a. dexterous in arms; -fœrr, a. (1) able to bear arms (M. hafði samnat hverjum manni, er -fœrr var); (2) fit as a weapon; -föt, n. pl. armour; -göfigr, a. glorious in arms; -hanzki, m. warglove; -hestr, m. war-horse; -hœfr, a. fit for, manageable, as a weapon; -lauss, a. weaponless, unarmed; -rokkr, m. coat worn above armour; -slœgr, a. = -fimr; -steinn, m. stone used as a weapon; -sœkja, v. to attack; -söngr, m. clash of arms; -vana, a. indecl. = -lauss.

Vár, f. one of the goddesses.

vár, n. spring; um várit, á várin, in the spring (á várin, er ísa leysir); í vár, last spring.

vára (), v. to become spring; impers. (þá er váraði; er vára tók); refl., en er viraðist, gerðist hann hljóðr mjök, when spring came, he grew very silent.

várar, f. pl. solemn vow, oath; Helgi á Sváfa veittust v., H. and S. plighted their faith; armr er vára vargr, wretched is the faith-breaker.

vár-dagar, m. pl. spring days; -ferill, m. spring-traveller; -gæra, f. spring-fleece.

vár-kunn, f. (1) what is to be excused; er þat nókkur -kunn, at þú verðir oss eigi at liði, there is some excuse for thee for not helping us; (2) compassion, pity; -kunna, v. to excuse, pity, = -kynna.

várkunnar-bragt, n. = -verk; -hugr, m. compassionate mind; -lauss, a. (1) unmerciful; (2) inexcusable; -leysi, n. mercilessness; -verk, n. excusable deed.

várkunnigr, a. merciful, forbearing, compassionate.

várkunn-látr, a. forbearing; vera sér -látr um e-t, to excuse oneself; -ligr, a. excusable; -leati, n. forbearance, mercy.

vár-kynd, f. = -kunn; -kynna (-da, -t), v. (1) to excuse; (2) to pity.

vár-langr, a. as long as in spring; -ligr, a. belonging to the spring.

várr, poss. pron. our; sá v., er, the one of us who; skipi hvert várt stýrði each of us steered his own ship; fundir várir (-okkrir) Hákonar, the meeting of H. and myself.

vár-tíð, f., -tími, m. spring-tide, spring-time; -víking, f. freebooting expedition in spring; -yrkja (-ta, -t), v. to do the spring-work, in a household; -þing, n. spring; -önn, f. spring-work.

vás, n. toil, fatigue, from bad weather (þola v. ok erfiði); -búð, f. = vás (var þar hörð vásbúð); -ferð, -för, f. wet (rough) journey.

vá-sjaldan, adv. very seldom.

vá-skapaðr, m. mischief-maker; -skeytr, a. fickle, shifty.

vás-klæði, n. pl. bad-weather clothes; -kufl, m. rain-cloak; -kyrtill, m. = -kufl; -samr, a. wet and toilsome; -stakkr, m. = -kufl.

vá-stigr, m. woeful path.

vás-verk, n. wet work; -viðri, n. bad weather.

váta-drífa, f. fall of sleet; -reykr, m. wet reek, steam.

vát-fœrr, a. wet to pass, of a road; -lendi, n. wet sail.

vátr, a. wet (þeir vóru vátir mjök).

vátta (), v. to witness, affirm.

vátta-laust, adv. without witnesses.

vátt-bærr, a. admissible as a witness; -lauss, a. unwitnessed; -nefna, f. calling witnesses; -næmdr, pp. attested by witnesses; -orð, n. evidence, testimony.

váttr (-s, -ar), m. witness (hafa vátta við, nefna vátta).

vátt-visi, f. testimony.

vátviðra-samr, a. wet (sumar þetta var illt ok -samt).

vát-viðri, n. wet weather (þá gerir á skúr mikla ok -viðri).

vá-veifi, n. fearful suddenness; -veifis, adv. all of a sudden.

váveif-liga, adv. suddenly; -ligr, a. sudden (-ligr hlutir).

, n. (1) mansion, house; byggja vé goða, to dwell in the homes of the gods; (2) temple, sanctuary (vega víg í véum).

, n. pl. standard (poet.).

vear, m. pl. the gods (poet.).

vé-bönd, n. pl. the ropes fastened to stakes (heslistengr) by which the court was surrounded.

veð (gen. pl. veðja), n. pledge, surety; setja e-t í v., at veði, to pledge, give in pledge; hann bauð at veði alla eign sína, he offered all his property as a pledge; leysa (út) v., to redeem a pledge; hafa e-t í veði, to have at stake; vera í veði, to be at stake (líf mitt er í veði).

veð-bróðir, m. a plighted brother, confederate; -fé, n. a bet or wager; dœmdu þeir, at dvergrinn ætti -féit, that the dwarf had won the wager.

veðja (), v. to stake in a wager, with dat.; þú veðjaði Loki höfði sínu við þann dverg, then L. wagered his head with that dwarf; v. um við e-n, to lay a wager with one (búinn em ek at v. um við þik, at ek mun finna ljótara fót).

veðjan, f. wagering, betting.

veð-máli, m. pledge, mortgage; -mæla (-ta, -tr), v. to demand as, bind by a pledge.

veðr, n. (1) weather (gott, illt); (2) wind (tók at lægja veðrit); sigla (stýra) í v. e-m, to get to the wind-ward of one, take the wind out of his sail; (3) quarter, tack; veifði hann rœði annars veðrs til, he steered round with his oar on the other tack; (4) the lower air (þetta smiði var svá mikit vorðit, at þat tók upp ór veðrum); v. rauf upp, the air cleared up; (5) wind, scent; bersi hafði v. af manninum, the bear had wind of the man, scented him; komast við veðri, to be scented, rumoured; láta koma v. á e-n um e-t, to let one get scent of, throw out hints to one about a thing; staðarmenn mæltu mjök á. v., hinted broadly.

veðr (gen. -rs and -rar, pl. -rar), m. (1) wether; (2) battering-ram.

veðra-bálkr, m. continuous stormy weather; -bati, m. an improvement in the weather (heita til -bata).

veðrar-horn, n. a wether’s horn.

veðrátta, f. (state of the) weather.

veðr-belgr, m. weather-bag; -blaka, f. breath of wind; -dagr, m., einn tíma er -dagr var góðr, one fine day; -eygr, a. weather-wise; -fall, n. condition (set) of the wind; -fastr, a. weather-bound; -gnýr, m. gust of wind; -góðr, a. with a mild climate (land -gott); -harðr, a. marked by hard weather (haust -hart); -himinn, m. atmosphere; -kœnn, a. skilful in forecasting the weather, weather-wise; -leikr, m. = veðrátta; -lítill, a. calm, light, of wind; -sjúkr, a. anxious about the weather; -spár, a. weatherwise; -stáða, f. direction of the wind; -sæll, a. blessed with good weather; -vana, a. indecl. lacking favourable wind; -vandr, a. nice as to weather; -viti, m. vane.

veð-setja, v. (1) to pawn. mortgage (-setja jarðir sínar); (2) to hazard, stake (-setja sik ok fé sitt); -setja sik í þetta mál, to pleage oneself to (take part in) this case.

vefa (vef; vaf, váfum, vófam, ófum; ofinn, vofinn), v. (1) to weave (v. vef, dúk); (2) to plait, twist (v. vandlaup).

vé-fang, n. division or disagreement in court; -fengja (-da, -dr), v. to bring about a véfang, divide the court in a suit (þeir munu ok ætla at -fengja brennumálit).

vefja (vef; vafða; vafiðr, vafðr, vafinn), v. (1) to wrap, fold; v. e-u um höfuð sér, at höfði e-m, to wrap it round one’s head; hann tók vaðmál ok vafði at sér, and wrapped it round himself; v. e-t saman, to fold or wrap it together (vóru þar margir tötrar saman vafðir); v. e-t e-u (í e-u, með e-u), to wrap it up in a thing (barnit var vafit í dúki); meðal-kafli gulli vafiðr, a sword-haft wound with gold; (2) to entangle, embroil (þú lætr Egil v. öll mál fyrir þér); (3) refl., vefjast, to be wrapped (v. um fœtr e-m) to straggle (hrossin höfðu vafizt í einu lœkjarfari); to be entangled (vefjast í áhyggjum).

veðjar-möttull, m. a costly woven mantle, cloak; -skikkja, f. a costly woven mantle, cloak; -stofa, f. weaving-room.

vefnaðr (gen. -ar), m. weaving, woven stuff.

vef-nistingar, f. pl. sails (poet.).

vefr (-jar, -ir), m. (1) a web in the loom; (2) woven cloth (dýrir vefir).

veftr, m. (1) woof, weft; (2) cloth.

vega (veg; , vágum; veginn), v. (1) to lift (hann vegr heyit upp á herðar sé); v. e-n á bál, to lift one on the funeral fire; v. e-n ór skógi, to inlaw one; (2) to weigh (verðum vér at leita at skálum, ok v. hringinn); fig., skal yðr engi vera traustari vin, þott þér vegit þat lífit, though ye esteem it little; (3) to weigh, be of weikht (hvert haglkorn vá eyri); (4) to fence, fight (smite) with a weapon (hann vá svá skjótt með sverði, at þrú þóttu á lopti at sjá); (5) v. at e-m, to attack one, fight against one (ungr skal at ungum vega); (6) to gain by fighting; v. sigr, to gain the victory; v. sigr á e-m, to overcome, beat, vanquish; v. til landa, to win land weapon in hand; (7) to smite, slay, kill; v. mann, v. víg, to slay a man; (8) refl., þat sverð, er sjálft mun vegast, the sword that will fight of itseff; vást meirr á hlut Grikkja, the Greeks lost more men; recipr., vegast, to slay one another.

vega-bót, f. way-mending; -mót, n. pl. meeting of roads.

vegandi (pl. -endr), m. slayer, killer (ef v. beiðir sér griða).

veg-farandi (pl. -endr), m. wayfarer.

vegg-berg, n., -hamarr, m. steep precipitous rock.

veg-girni, f. ambition, vanity.

veggjaðr, pp. walled (veggjaðar ok vígskerðar borgir).

veg-gjarn, a. ambitious, vainglorious (fégjarn ok veggjarn).

veggr (gen. -jar and -s, pl. -ir), m. wall (hlaða vegg); fig., var lágr v. undir solina, the sun was low above the horizon.

vegg-sleginn, pp. wedge-formed (øx -slegin ok þykk).

vegg-þili, n. wainscoting (veggþili vóru tjölduð með fögrum skjöldum).

veg-látr, a. stately, high-minded; -liga, adv. nobly, magnificently; -ligr, a. grand, magnificent; -lyndi, n. generosity; -lyndr, a. generous, high-minded; -mannligr, a. magnicent; -mensks, f. noble manners, generosity.

veg-móðr, a. tired of the journey.

vegna (), v. to proceed, go (v. vel, illa); þeim hafði illa vegnat, they had done badly, had bad luck.

vegna, gen. pl. (1) tveggja v., on (from) two sides (sœkja þeir nú at honum tveggja v.); (2) á (or af) v. e-s, on one’s behalf, also simply, v. e-s, on one’s account or behalf, on the part of; minna (várra) v., on my (our) behalf.

veg-nest, n. traveling provisions.

vegr (gen. -ar and -s; pl. -ir and -ar, acc. -u and -a), m. (1) way, road (á vegum úti); (2) fig. phrases, koma e-u til vegar, to bring about; fara til vegar, to go, proceed (ekki mun þér um, at kenna, hversu sem til vegar ferr); ganga (koma) til vegar, to come to an issue, be decided (gekk þat ok eigi til vegar); gera endiligan veg á máli, to bring it to an issue; venda sínum vegi, to wend one’s way; (3) way, mode, manner; þessir menn munu sœkja oss með eldi, er þeir megu eigi annan veg, if they cannot (get at us) in any other way; einn veg, one way, in the same way; annan veg, other-wise (er annan veg en ek hygg); þann veg, thus, in that wise (þetta er ekki þann veg at skilja); hvern veg, how (eigi veit ek hvern veg þá mun verða);þótti sinn veg hvárum, each of the two had his own opinion, they disagreed; á alla vega, in every way, manner, respect; á marga vega, in many ways; (4) direction; alla vega, in all directions, on all sides (kváðu við lúðrar alla vega í braut frá þeim); skjót annan veg, in another direction; snúa hverr síns vegar, each his own way, in different directions; flýja viðs vegar, to flee scattered about; (5) side, hand; eins vegar, on one side (var eins vegar sjór); á hœgra (vinstra) veg e-u, on the right (left) hand of; tvá vega, on two sides.

vegr (gen. -s), m. honour, distinction (er yðr þat v. mikill); til vegs guði, to the glory of God.

vegr, f. pl. levers, see ‘vög’.

veg-sama (), v. to honour, glorify; -samliga, adv. honourably, gloriously (taka -samliga við e-m); -samligr, a. glorious (-samlig veizla); -semd, f. glory, honour (veita e-m heiðr ok -semd); -skarð, n. a flaw in one’s honour.

vegs-kona, f. stately lady (A. var -kona mikil); -munir, m. pl. honours, credit, fame; -þjónasta, f. honourable service.

veg-tjón, n. discredit; -tylla, f. a scrap of honour.

veg-víss, a. acquainted with the road.

veg-þurðr, m. impairment of honour (vegðurðr eða sœmdarspell).

vei, interj. woe, with dat., v. er mér, woe is me! v. verði yðr, woe to you!

veiða (-dda, -ddr), v. (1) to catch, hunt (v. rauðdýri, hreina, fugla); v. fisk, to catch fish; (2) to hunt down an enemy; fá e-n veiddan, to get one hunted down.

veiðar-efni, n. chance of a good catch; -fœri, -tœki, n. hunting-gear, fishing-gear.

veiði-bráðr, a. eager to make a catch (vera of -bráðr); -dýr, n. deer, game; -fang, n. catch, haul; -fangi, m. catch, haul; -ferð, f. a fishing or hunting expedition; -för, f. a fishing or hunting expedition; -gögn, n. pl. fishing- tackle; -horn, n. hunting-horn; -hundr, m. hound; -kona, f. fisher woman, huntress; -konungr, m. hunting king, a nickname; -ligr, a. promising a good catch; -maðr, m. hunter, fowler, fisher; -mannligr, a. hunter-like; -matr, m. meat (food) from game or fishing; -mörk, f. hunting-forest.

veiðinn, a. expert in fishing or catching (allra manna veiðnastr).

veiði-skapr, m. a catch in hunting or fishing; róa at -skap, to row out to fish; munum vér eigi þurfa -skap at kaupa, to buy fish; -spell, n. spoiling the catch (gera -spell); -staða, f. fishing-place, hunting-ground; -stóð, f. fishing-place, hunting-ground; -vatn, n. fishing lake; -ván, f. pospect of a catch; -vélar, f. pl. traps or devices used in hunting or fishing.

veiðr (gen. -ar, dat. and acc. -i; pl. -ar), f. hunting fishing, catch (öll v. fugl ok fiska); fara á veiðar, to go out hunting; í honum. er þó veiðrin meiri, still there is bigger game in him.

veifa (-ða, -t), v. to wave, swing (veifði hann Mjöllni morðgjörnum fram); veifði hann rœði, he pulled the oar; refl., veifast um lausum hala, to ‘wag a loose tail’, be free to do as one pleases.

veifi-skati, m. spendthrift; engi -skati, rather close-fisted.

veig (pl. -ar), f. (1) strong beverage, drink (hann skal drekka dýrar veigar); (2) pith, strength (fór þat líð aptr, er honum, þótti minni veig í).

veigaðr, a. brocaded (?).

veik-dómr, m. weakness, infirmity; -leikr, m. weakness, infirmity; -ligr, a. weakly.

veikr, a. weak (hornbogi v.).

veilindi, n. disease, ailment.

veill, a. (1) ailing, diseased (veill á fótum); (2) wretched.

veina (), v. to wail (hann veinaði mjök, er hann hafði misst konu sína).

veinan, f. wailing (óp ok v.).

veisa, f. pool, pond of stagnant water (var v. ein yfir at fara).

veita (-tta, -ttr), v. (1) to grant, give (v. e-m líð, hjálp, huggun, grið, trygðir); (2) to help, assist, stand by one (þeir veittu Gizuri hvíta í hverju máli); (3) to grant, permit (Þ. beiddist at sjá gripina, ok þat veitti hón henni); v. e-m bœn, to grant one a request; (4) v. veizlu, to give a feast; v. brúðkaup e-s, to hold a wedding; v. útferð e-s, to hold a funeral feast; also absol. to give a feast or entertainment (v. stórmannliga, með inni mestu rausn); (5) to entertain, treat (konungr veitti sveitungum sínum); (6) to sustain, support an indigent person (síra Hafliði veitti þessi góðu konu allt til dauðadags); (7) of a performance; v. e-u áhald, to lay hold on; v. atfór, heimferð at e-m, to make an expedition against one; v. e-m atsókn, to allack; v. e-m áverka, to inflict a wound on; v. e-m eptirför, to pursue one; (8) e-t veitir e-m þungt, erfitt, it proves hard, difficult for one (Dönum veitti þungt atsóknin); impers., keisaranum veitti þungt, the emperor had the luck against him; e-t veitir erfitt, it is hard work; Geirmundi veitti betr, G. got the better of it, carried the day; (9) to happen (þat veitir sjaldan, optliga, stundum); (10) recipr., veitast at, to back one another (vit Egill munum nú v. at); þeir veittust at öllum málum, they stood by one another in all suits.

veita (-tta, -ttr), v. to convey, lead (water), with acc. or dat. (v. vatn or vatni); v. ánni ór enum forna farveg, to divert the river from its old course; impers., veitir vatn til sjóvar, the rivers trend towards the sea.

veita, f. (1) draining; (2) ditch; trench; (3) = veiti-engi.

veitall, a. giving freely, generous (v. af peningum).

veitandi (pl. -endr), m. (1) giver; (2) helper, supporter (margir vóru veitendr at málum með þorbirni).

veitari, m. giver, donor.

veiti-engi, n. a trenched meadow.

veiting, f. grant, gift.

veizla, f. (1) grant, gift, allowance; (2) help, assistance, backing, = lið-veizla; (3) feast, banquet (veizlan fór vel fram, ok var veitt með miklum kostnaði); (4) the reception or entertainment to be given to the Norse king by his landed men (lendir menn) and stewards (ármenn), and to the bishop by the priests; the king was said to ‘fara at veizlum, taka veizlur’; (5) a royal grant, revenue (fekk konungr honum veizlur miklar); hann hafði áðr haft alla sýsluna suma at veizlu, en suma at léni, partly as a grant, partly as a fief.

veizlu-búnaðr, m. preparation for a feast; -dagr, m. banquet-day; -fall, n. failure of a feast; -fé, n. fee, money paid in lieu of veizla; -gjald, n. fee, money paid in lieu of veizla; -gørð, f. feast-giving; -höll, f. banqueting-hall; -maðr, m. one sustained, supported by another (E. kveðst ekki þurfa at vera hans -maðr); -skáli, m. = -höll; -spjóll, n. pl. the spoiling of a feast (gera -spjóll); -stofa, f. = -höll; -sveinn, m. a lad supported by one; -taka, f. the receiving of a veizla.

vekja (vek; vakta; vakiðr, vaktr, vakinn), v. (1) to waken, rouse from sleep (þorði engi at v. hann); (2) to stir, rouse (gør þú eigi þat, son minn, at þú vekir þá, er þeir hafa áðr frá horfit); (3) to cause, begin (v. víg, styrjöld); (4) v. upp, to waken, rouse (H. vakti upp alla heimamenn sína); fig., hann vakti upp tvá boða mikla; (5) to start (broach) a question (E. vakti þat mál við Þórólf); v. til e-s (or v. til um e-t) við e-n, to raise the question, introduce the mention of a thing with one (S. konungr vakti þá til um eyrendi sitt við Sigurð jarl); (6) to make to flow; v. sér blóð, to make one’s blood flow, open a vein (nú vekja þeir sér blóð ok láta renna saman dreyra sinn); verjum hendr várar, ef þeir vekja fyrri við oss, if they be the first to quarrel with us.

vekra (), v. to freshen up, rouse.

vel, adv. (1) well (taka v. við e-m); v. í vexti, well-grown, well-shapen; vera v. til e-s, to be kind to one; mér gefr vel at skilja, I understand quite well; (2) easily (þat mætti v. verða þinn bani); (3) fully, amply, largely (v. vegnar fimm merkr); faðir hennar hafði v. fé, plenty of money; intensive, with adj.; v. flestir, the most part; v. mikill, rather great; v. tuttugu menn, twenty and upwards; hundrað manna eða v. svá, a hundred or fully that.

vél (pl. -ar), f. (1) artifice, craft, device; gørva vélar til e-s, to contrive some trick to obtain a thing; við vélar, with artifice, cunningly; draga v. at e-m, beita e-n vélum, to use guile towards one, deal cunningly with one; (2) apparatus, machine; vél til at taka fiska, a contrivance to catch fish; vél er menn kalla veðr, an engine that is called a battering ram.

véla (-ta, -tr), v. (1) defraud, betray (illt er vin v. þanns þér vel trúir); v. frá honum sverðit, to get the sword from him (by tricks); ek vélta hann ór viti, I wiled him out of his wit; (2) v. um e-t, to deal with, be busy with; torveldligr um at v., difficult to deal with.

véla-kaup, n. fraudulent bargain; -lauss, a. guileless; -maðr, m. fraudulent or deceitful person; -samliga, adv. guilefully, craflily.

vel-borinn, pp., -burðugr, a. well-born, noble.

veldi, n. (1) power (með miklu v.); (2) empire; Dana-veldi, Denmark.

veldis-engill, m. archangel; -hringr, m. hale round the head of a saint; -stóll, m. throne; -sæti, n. throne; -vöndr, m. sceptre.

vélendi, n. gullet, esophagus.

vélendis-gangr, m. belching.

vel-farandi, m., velfarar-minni, n. farewell cup (drekka -faranda, -minni).

vel-ferð, f. well-doing, welfare; -ferðugr, a. well-behaved, righteous.

vél-fimi, -finni, f. artifice.

vel-gørð, -gørning, f., -gørningr, m. benefit, goodness (hann þakkaði honum -gørning sinn).

velgja (-da, -dr), v. to warm.

véli, n. birds tail; -fiðri, n. tail-feathers; -fjöðr, f. tail-feather.

vélindi, n. pl. tricks (gera e-m v.).

vélinn, a. wily, guileful.

véli-stuttr, a. short-tailed, of a bird.

velja (vel; valda; valiðr, valdr, valinn), v. to choose, select, pick out (v. e-n til fylgdar við sik); v. um e-t, to choose between; er gott um at v., there is plenty of choice; eiga um tvá kosti at v., to have two alternatives to choose between; v. e-m hæðilig (hörð) orð, to speak ignominiously to (or of) one; hafa valit líð, to have picked troops; refl., veljast til e-s, to come forward (völdust margir göfgir menn til þessar ferðar).

velkja (-ta, -tr), v. (1) to toss about (þeir velktu Tuma lengi); impers., velkir e-n í hafi, one is tossed about on the sea; refl., velkjast úti, to be tossed about on the sea; (2) to ponder over, consider; hann sér, at eigi mun duga at v. ráðit, to waver, hesitate; v. e-t fyrir sér, to turn over, revolve, a thing in one’s mind.

vel-kominn, pp. welcome (biðja e-n vera -kominn).

vell, n. gold; poet. and in compds.

vella (vell; vall, ullum; ollinn), v. (1) to be in a state of ebullition, boil (rigndi blóði vellanda); (2) to well up, swarm; v. möðkum, to swarm with worms; ullu út ór ormar, worms swarmed out.

vella (-da, -dr), v. to prepare or cook by boiling (v. lauk ok grös).

vella, f. boiling heat, ebullition.

vell-auðigr, a. rich in gold, immensely rich (maðr -auðigr).

vél-lauss, a. guileless; at -lausu, -laust, without fraud.

vell-heitr, a. boiling hot.

vellingr, m. pottage.

vel-lyndr, a. well-minded; -menning, f. good upbringing.

vél-óttr, a. wily, tricky; -prettr, m. wily tricky; -ráðr, a. wily; -ræði, n. guileful design, deceitful act; -samligr, a. guileful (með -samligri flærð); -samr, a. wily.

vel-setning, f. well-doing, good position; -spár, a. good at soothsaying (völva -spá).

vél-stuttr, a. short-tailed.

velta (velt; valt, ultum; oltinn), v. to roll, tumble over (ultu báðir ofan fyrir brekkuna); impers., veltr til vanda, it goes as usual (ok valt til vanda, at bœndr flýðu).

velta (-lta, -ltr), v. to roll, set rolling, with dat. (v. manna búkum frá fótum jarli); impers., því næst velti skipinu, she capsized; refl., veltast, to turn oneself, revolve (sól veltist um átta ættir); hestrinn veltist um tólf sinnum, the horse rolled itself over; veltast ór konungdómi, jarldómi, to give up one’s kingdom, earldom (veltist hann þá ór jarldómi ok tók höldsrétt).

velti-ligr, a. rolling (-ligt hjól).

velting (pl. -ar), f. rolling, rotation.

vel-viljaðr, -viljugr, a. benevolent.

venda (-nda, -ndr), v. (1) to wend, turn (vendi S. aptr herinum); v. sínum vegi, to wend ones way (hann vendir sínum vegi austr til landsenda); (2) to change, convert (guð vendi því ok sneri til góðs); (3) absol., to turn (þeir vendu þá á þat fjall, er kallat er Vazfell); v. aptr, to return (vendi hann aptr sömu leið).

venda (), v. to change, alter (v. siðum sínum).

vendi-liga, adv. (1) carefully (spyrja -liga at e-u); segja -liga frá tíðindum, to tell minutely; (2) quite, entirely (svá var -liga upp gengit alit lausafé hans); -ligr, a. careful.

vengi, n. pillow, cushion.

venja (van; vanda; vandr and vaninn), v. (1) to accustom (v. e-n e-u or við e-t) v. hann við íþróttir ok hæversku, to teach him, train him in; v. barn af brjósti, to wean a child (þá var hann af brjósti vaninn); (2) to train animals (þar keypti Auðunn bjarndýri vel vanit); to educate children (var þat almælt, at engi born væri svá vel vanin); (3) v. komur sínar til e-s, to visit habitually (hann venr komur sínar til Ormhildar); v. e-t af e-m, to unteach one a thing (kostgæfði hann af þeim at v. öll úkynni); (4) refl., venjast e-u, við e-t, to get accustomed to, used to (nú mun ek verða at v. hestinum um hrið; v. við íþróttir); with infin. to be wont, used to (vandist E. optliga at ganga til tals við Egil).

venja, f. custom, habit (þat var v. hans, at); at venju, as usual.

venju-bragð, n. habit; -liga, adv. usually; -ligr, usual.

venzl, n. pl. relationship, ties of blood or affinity; fyrir venzla sakir, for kinship’s sake.

venzla-lauss, a. bound by no ties; -lausir menn, persons not related, strangers; -maðr, m. kinsman, relation, = vandamaðr.

veptr, m. woof, = veftr.

ver, n. (1) station for taking eggs, fishing, catching seals, &c. (cf. ‘egg-, fiski-, sel-, út-ver’); (2) poet. sea; fyrir handan v., beyond the sea.

ver (gen. pl. -ja), n. case, cover (verit var af guðvefjarpelli).

vera (er; var, várum or vórum; verit), v. (1) to be, exist; þeir menn vóru, er, there were men who; (2) to be, happen; þat var, at hón fór brott, so it was that she went away; en er váraði, var þar búskortr, there was scarcity in the household; hvat er henni, what is the matter with her! þat var einn dag, at, it happened one day that; kann (má) v., at, it is possible, it may be that; (3) to last; meðan þingit væri, while the Thing lasted; (4) láta e-n v., to leave one alone (lát mik v. ok ger mér ekki illt); bað hann láta v., begged him to leave it undone, not to do it; (5) to dwell, stay; hann bað hana vera í búð sinni, he asked her to stay in his booth; hann var á Höskuldsstöðum um nótt, he passed a night at H.; (6) with infin., hlymr var at heyra, a clattering was to be heard; þar var at sjá, there was to be seen; v. at gera e-t, to be doing a thing; kvað hann v. at telja silfr, said he was counting the money; denoting necessity, a thing about to happen, or to be done; nú er þeim út at ganga öllum, er leyft er, now all those must go out to whom leave is given; er nú eigi Kára at varast, now there is no need to beware of K.; nú er þar til máls at taka, at, now it is to be told that; nú er at segja frá Skamkatli, now we must tell of S.; (7) with a predicate (noun, adj., or adv.); v. konungr, Jarl, biskup, to be king, earl, bishop; v. glaðr, sæll, hryggr, ungr, gamall, to be glad, happy, sad, young, old; v. vel, illa til e-s, to be well, ill-disposed towards one; þat er illa, it is sad; vera spakliga í heraði, to behave gently; orð kvað þá Vingi þats án veri, words which he had better not have said; (8) impers., e-m er varmt, heitt, kalt, one is warm, cold; (9) with past participles in passive sense; v. kallaðr, sagðr, tekinn, to be called, said, taken; (10) with preps., v. af e-u, to be off, out of (v. af klæðum); v. at e-u, to be busy at; verkmenn váru at arningu, they were ploughing; to be present (þar varstu at); ek var at ok vafk, I was about weaving; þeir höfðu verit at þrjú sumur, they had been busy at it for three summers; v. eptir, to be left, remain (A. kvazt vilja v. eptir ok hvílast); v. fyrir, to lead (see ‘fyrir’); v. til, to exist; v. um, undir, see ‘um, undir’.

vera, f. (1) stay, sojourn; ef hann á sér í vá veru, if he has a corner to stay in; (2) comfort (slíkt er válaðs v.).

veraldar-, gen. from ‘veröld’; -auðœfi, n. pl. worldly riches; -bygð, f. the inhabited world; -friðr, m. world-peace, universal peace; -frægr, a. world-famous; -girnd, f., -glys, n., -góz, n. worldly desires, toys, goods; -höfðingjar, m. pl. the great ones of the world; -klerkr, m. = -prestr; -lán, n. worldly grants; -lifnaðr, m. life in this world; -líf, n. life in this world; -lög, n. pl. civil law; -maðr, m. a man of this world, secular person, layman; -prestr, m. secular priest; -ráð, n. pl. management of worldly affairs; -ríki, n. worldly rank and power; -ríkr, a. immensely rich; -sjór, m. the ocean; -spekingr, m. = -vitringr; -spekt, f. worldly wisdom; -starf, n. worldly business; -sæla, f. worldly bliss; -válað, n. wretchedness of the world; -vitringr, m. philosopher; -vizka, f. secular wisdom, worldly knowledge.

verald-ligr, a. worldly, secular.

veran, f. being, essence (guðlig v.).

verð, n. worth, price (galt hann þegar verðit í gulli ok brendu silfri); þetta eru þrenn verð, three times as much as the thing is worth; halda e-u til verðs, to put out for sale; marka v. á e-u, leggja v. í e-t, to fix the price of, set a value on.

verða (verð; varð, urðum; orðinn, vorðinn), v. (1) to happen, come to pass; ætluðu allir, at þeir myndi tala um mál sitt, en þat varð ekki, but it came not to pass, it was not so; þá varð óp mikit at lögbergi, then there arose a great shout at the Lawhill; (2) v. e-m, to happen to, befall one (slikt verðr opt ungum mönnum); þat varð Skarphéðni, at stökk í sundr skóþvengr hans, it happened to S. that his shoe-string snapped asunder; sjaldan verðr víti vörum, the wary man will seldom make a slip; e-m verðr þörf e-s, one comes to be in need of; (3) to happen to be, occur; í lœk þann, er þar verðr, in the brook that happens to be there; varð fyrir þeim fjörðr, they came on a fjord; v. á leið e-s, to be on one’s path, happen to one; (4) v. brottu, to leave, absent oneself (þeir sá þann sinn kost líkastan at v. á brottu); v. úti, to go away (verð úti ok drag ongan spott at oss); to perish in a storm from cold (sumir urðu úti); þeim þótti honum seint heim v., they thought that he was long in coming home; (5) with acc. to lose; kváðust okkr hafa orðit bæði, said that they had lost us both; (6) followed by a noun, adj., pp., adv., as predicate, to become; þá verðr þat þinn bani, it will be thy death; v. glaðr, hryggr, reiðr, to become glad, sad, angry; v. dauðr to die (áðr Haraldr inn hárfagri yrði dauðr) with participles; ok varð ekki eptir honum gengit, he was not pursued; verða þeir ekki fundnir, they could not be found; blóð hans varð ekki stöðvat, the blood could not be staunched; þeim varð litit til hafs, they happened to look seaward; impers., e-m verðr bilt, one is amazed; Kolbeini varð ekki fyrir, K. lost his head, was paralysed; with adverbs; hann varð vel við skaða sinn, he bore his loss well, like a man; jarl varð illa við þetta, the earl was vexed by this; (7) with infin., denoting necessity, one must, needs, is forced, obliged to do; þat verðr hverr at vinna, er ætlat er, every one must do the work that is set before him; þar er bera verðr til grjót, where stones have to be carried; verð ek nú flýja, now I must flee; (8) with preps., v. af e-u, to come to pass (var um rœtt, at hann skyldi leita fara, en eigi varð af); varð ekki af ferðinni, the journey came to nought was given up; verðr þetta af, at hann tekr við sveinunum, the end was that at last he took the boys; starf ok kostnaðr varð af þessu, trouble and expenses arose from this; hvat verðr af e-u, what becomes of; hvat varð af húnum mínum, what has become of my cubs?; v. at e-u, to become (v. at undri, undrsjónum); veiztu, hvat þér mun v. at bana, knowest thou what will be the cause of thy death?; v. at engu, to come to nothing; v. á, to come on, happen; þvat sem á yrði síðan, whatever might happen later on; e-m verðr á, one makes a blunder, mistake (þótti þér ekki á v. fyrir honum, er hann náði eigi fénu?); v. eptir, to be left (honum varð þar eptir geit ok hafr); v. fyrir e-u, to meet with (v. fyrir goða reiði); to forebode (v. fyrir stórfundum); v. fyrir e-m, to be in one’s way, as a hindrance (því meira sem oss verðr fyrir, því harðara skulu þér niðr koma); v. í, to happen (tókust nú upp leikar sem ekki hefði í orðit); v. til e-s, to come forth to do a thing, be ready to; en sá er nefndr Hermóðr, er til þeirar farar varð, who undertook this journey; v. við e-m, to respond to (bið ek þik, at þú verðir við mér, þó at engi sé verðleiki til).

verð-aurar, m. pl. medium of payment; value given or received.

verð-gangr, m. begging; -geta, f. entertainment, fare; -gjölf, f. the giving of a meal.

verð-kaup, n. reward; -keyptr, pp. purchased; -laun, n. pl. reward; -launa (), v. to reward; -lauss, a. valueless; -leikr, m. merit, desert; esp. pl., hafa -leika til e-s, to deserve; eptir -leikum, according to ones deserts; -ligr, a. valuable.

verðr (gen. verðar), m. meal (fá árliga verðar); cf. ‘dag-, náttverðr’.

verðr, a. (1) worth, with gen. (meira þykki mér verð vinátta þin); svá þótti honum mikils um vert, he took it so much to heart; mikils v., much worth; (2) worthy, deserving; v. e-s, worthy of (þótti þér hann ekki drápunnar verðr?).

verð-skylda (), v. to deserve; -skyldan, f. merit, desert.

verðugr, a. (1) worthy (v. e-s); (2) deserved (lofuðu allir guð semverðugt var) at verðugu, deservedly.

verðu-liga, adv. deservedly; -ligr, a. deserved.

verðung, f. poet. king’s men.

ver-fang, n. taking a husband.

verga (), v. to soil; refl., vergast, to be soiled (kleði hans verguðust).

ver-gjörn, a. f. mad after men.

vergr, a. only in superl.; vinna it vergasta, to do the dirtiest work.

verja (ver; varða; variðr, varðr), v. (1) to defend (v. sik vel ok frœknliga); v. landit fyrir e-m, to defend the country against one; ek man þó engum hlífa, ef ek á hendr mínar at v., if I have to fight for my life; (2) v. mál, to defend a cause, opp. to sœkja; (3) v. e-t, or v. e-m e-t, to guard a place, hold it against a comer (at vísu ætla ek at v. þér ríki mitt); Egill varði dyrrnar, E. held the door; v. e-t laga lýriti, to forbid by a lawful protest; (4) v. e-u, to keep away (Birkibeinar vörðu eldinum ok fengu sløkkt); v. e-m e-u, to withhold from one; meyjar ástum muna þér verða of varið, the maiden’s love shall not be denied thee; (5) refl., verjast, to defend oneself (þeir vörðust með drengskap); v. e-u, to defend oneself against (þar mœtti hann finngálkni ok varðist því lengi).

verja (ver; varða; variðr, varðr), v. (1) to wrap, enclose; v. e-n armi, faðmi, to fold in one’s arms, embrace; mun ek vexa vel blæju at v. þitt líki, to shroud thy body; variðr, mounted, adorned (gulli, silfri, járni variðr); (2) v. sverði, to swing, wield the sword; (3) v. sér til, to exert oneself; en með því at hann varði sér mjök til, þá spruttu honum fœtr á jakanum, as he exerted himself greatly, his feet slipped on the ice; (4) to invest money, lay out, expend (hann selr jarðir sínar ok verr fénu til útanferðar); vænta ek, at ek hafa þá vel varit, that I have made a good bargain; (5) pp. n., varit; áttu svá til varit of menn, at, thou art so well provided with men that; þú átt til þess varit, it is thy nature; e-m er svá varit, at, one is so constituted that (honum var svá v., at hann var undirhyggjumaðr).

verja, f. outer garment, cloak (hann hafði yfir sér verju, saumaða saman af mörgum tötrum).

verjandi (pl. -endr), m. defendant, opp. to ‘sœkjandi’.

verk, n. (1) work, business; vera á verki, to be at work; (2) a piece of work (v. hefi ek hugat þér); (3) act, deed; Gunnarr sagði Njáli v. þessi, G. told N. of these deeds.

verka (), v. to work; v. sér til e-s, to deserve by one’s deeds.

verka-efni, n. = verkefni; -kaup, n. wages, = verk-kaup; -kona, f. workwoman, servant; -laun, n. pl. reward; -lýðr, m. work people; -maðr, m. = verk-maðr; -nauð, f. heavy task.

verk-dagr, m. work-day; -efni, n. work to be done, task; -fákr, m. = -hestr; -fœri, n. implement, tool; -fœrr, a. able to work; -hestr, m. work-horse, cart-horse.

verki, m. verse-making.

verkja (-ti, -t), v. impers. to feel pain, to smart (eigi er sá heill, er í augun verkir).

verk-kaup, n. wages; -kona, f. verkakona; -laun, n. pl. reward.

verk-lauss, a. without pain (verkr), painless (sár verklaus).

verk-ligr, a. active, practical (verkligt líf).

verklundar-maðr, m. industrious, hard-working man; Grettir var lítill -maðr, G. had little mind for work.

verk-maðr, m. workman, labourer; -maðr góðr, a good worker.

verknaðr (gen. -ar), m. work, badness; taka upp verknað, to take to some work; halda verknaði á hendr e-m, to put one to work.

verk-óði, a. mad with pain (verkr).

verkr (-jar, -ir), m. pain (hafa verk í augum).

verk-reki, m. servant (-reki e-s).

verks-háttr, m. working method.

verk-smiðr, m. workman; -smíð, f. craft, work.

verksmiðar-maðr, m. craftsman (engi var hann -maðr).

verk-stjóri, m. overseer; -stjórn, f. the supervision of work; -þræll, m. working slave.

ver-lauss, a. (1) without a husband; (2) without a case or cover (dúnbeðr -lauss); -liðar, m. pl. men; vinr -liða, friend of men, Thor.

verma (-da, -dr), v. to warm (Egill fór til elds at v. sik).

ver-maðr, m. fisherman at an outlying station (ver).

vermi, m. warmth (hafa verma af eldinum; leita sér verma).

vermir, m. = vermi.

Vermir, m. pl. the men from Vermaland, in Sweden.

vermakr, a. from Vermaland.

vermsl, n. pl. never-freezing spring.

verna (), v. to protect, defend (rare).

vernd, f. (1) protection (veita e-m v.); (2) a point for the defence, = vörn (en í máli vóru engar verndir); (3) = verndan; eiga v. á at gera e-t, to have a right, title to do a thing.

vernda (), v. (1) to protect; (2) excuse (v. sik e-u).

verndan, f. excuse, subterfuge.

verndari, m. protector, defender.

verpa (verp; varp, urpum; orpinn), v. (1) to throw, with dat. (hann varp af sér skildinum); hestrinn féll ok varp honum af baki, threw him off; hann verpr sér í söðulinn, he throws himself into the saddle; v. af sér klæðum, to throw off the clothes; v. mœðiliga öndinni, to draw a deep sigh; v. orðum (or orði) á e-n, to address (þessi varp orðum á konung ok spurði); væntir mik þess, at margir verpi þar góðum orðum á mik, that many men will have good words to say of me; v. e-n inni, to shut one in; impers. to be thrown; þar varp út údaun miklum, a great stench came out; (2) v. á, to guess at, calculate (verpa menn svá á, at latizt hafi níu menn); (3) to lay eggs (= v. eggjum); (4) to cast up (v. haug eptir fornum sið); þeir urpu haug eptir Gunnar, they raised a mound over G.; v. aptr hauginn, to shut the cairn; v. vef, to warp a web (sá er orpinn vefr ýta þörmum); (5) pp., orpinn; sandi o., covered with sand; aldri o., bent with age; uppi o. fyrir e-m, quite overwhelmed, at one’s mercy; (6) refl., urpust flestir vel við orðsending Danakonungs, they turned a favourable ear to, responded to the call.

verpill (pl. verplar), m. (1) die (kasta verplum til fjár sér); (2) cask (sumr drykkr var í verplum).

verpils-tala, f. cubic number.

verpla-kast, n. cast (throw) of dice.

verr (-s, -ar), m. (1) sing. husband (vildi hón ver sínum vinna ofrhefndir); (2) pl., verar, men (þú ert æ vísastr vera).

verr, adv. compar. worse; vánu v., worse than expected; verst, superl. worst (þykki mér þat verst).

verr-féðrungr, m. a person worse than his father.

verri, a. compar. worse; verstr, superl. worst.

vers, n. verse; Maríu v., Ave Maria.

versa (), v. (1) to put into verse (v. sögu); (2) to make verse.

versa-bók, f. a book in verse, poem; -gørð, f. verse-making.

versna or vesna (), v. to get worse (hlutr e-s versnar).

ver-sæl, a. f. happy in one’s husband; -þjóð, f. mankind, men.

veröld (gen. -aldar, pl. -aldir), f. (1) world; (2) age.

vesa, v. to be, = vera.

vesala (), v. to make wretched.

vesaldar-, genitive from ‘vesöld’; -auki, m. increase of wretchedness; -maðr, m. destitute person.

vesalingr (-s, -ar), m. = veslingr.

vesall (vesöl or vesul, vesalt, pl. vesalir or veslir), a. (1) poor, destitute, wretched (vesöl arfasáta); (2) with gen. wretched in respect of (vesöl eru vér konungs).

vesal-látr, a. shabby; -liga, adv. miserably; -ligr, a. wretched, wretched-looking; -mannligr, a. = -ligr; -menni, n. paltry person; -menska, f. stinginess, shabbiness.

vesast (), v. refl., to be wretched and uncomfortable (Austmenn vesuðust illa).

veski, n. bag, knapsack.

vé-skóp, n. pl. holy ordinances.

vesl, n. a kind of cloak.

vesla (), v. to make wretched; refl., veslast, to grow wretched, poor.

veslingr (-s, -ar), m. a poor, puny person, wretch (hvat myndi v. þessi varða mér bátinn).

veslings-maðr, m. = veslingr.

veslugr, a. poor, wretched (fátœkr ok veslugr landskapr).

vesning, f. being, essence.

vestan, adv. (1) from the west (ríðu síðan hina sömu leið vestr, sem þeir hófðu v. riðit); v. um haf, ‘from west over the sea’, from the British Islands; (2) on the western side of, with gen. (v. bœjar); fyrir v., west of, with acc. (fyrir v. vötnin).

vestan-ferð, f. journey from the west; -maðr, m. a man from the west; -veðr, n. west wind; -verðr, a. western, westerly (hit þriðja bú átti hann við sjóinn á -verðum Mýrum); -vindr, m. west wind.

vestarr, adv. compar. more to the west (eigi v. en í Hrútafjörð).

vestar-liga, adv. toward the west.

vestastr, a. superl., see ‘vestri’.

Vest-firðingar, m. pl. the men from the West-fjords (Vestfirðir), in Iceland.

vest-firðis, adv. in the west of a fjord; -firzka, L a custom in the West-fjords; -firzkr, a. from the West-fjords.

Vest-fyldir, m. pl. men from the Norse district Vestfold; -maðr, m. a man from the West, one from the British Isles, esp. from Ireland, opp. to ‘Austmaðr’.

vestr, n. (1) the west (frá vestri ok til norðrs); sá ek fugl fljúga ór vestri, from the west; (2) adv. westwards, west, towards the west (hvert sinn er þá ríðr v. eða vestan); þykki þér eigi gott v. þar, there in the west; sigla v. um haf, to sail westwards over the sea, to the British Isles.

vestr-ferð, f. a journey to the west; -för, f. a journey to the west; -hálfa, f. the western part or region; -heruð, n. pl. the western districts (of Iceland).

vestri, a. compar. more westerly (v. bygð); vestastr, superl. most westerly (liggja þessi lönd vestust).

Vestr-lönd, n. pl. (1) the British Isles; (2) the Occident.

vestr-sveitir, f. pl. the western districts (of Iceland); -vegr, m. the ‘western way’, i. e. the British Isles (herja í -veg); -víking, f. a freebooting expedition to the West (Vestrlönd); -ætt, f. the western quarter, of the heavens (líta í -ætt).

vest-rœna, f. westerly wind; -rœnn, a. westerly (vindar -rœnir).

vesæla, v. = vesala.

vesæll, a. = vesall.

vesöld (gen. -aldar), f. misery, wretchedness.

vetlingr, m. glove (cf. ‘vöttr’).

vetr (gen. vetrar, pl. vetr), m. (1) winter; miðr v., midwinter; í v., this winter; v. verðr mikill, the winter becomes cold, severe; á vetri, í vetri, last winter; (2) year (sextán vetra gamall); tíu vetrum síðarr, ten years later.

vetra (), v. to become winter; líðr fram haustinu ok tekr at v., the winter began to set in, it became wintry.

vetrar-braut, f. winter-road; -dagr, m. winter-day; á -dag, in the winter; -far, n. the course (character) of winter (sagði hón mönnum forlög sin ok -far ok aðra hluti); -langt, adv. during winter, throughout the winter; -megn, n. the severest part (the depth) of winter; -nauð, f. severe winter; -ríki, n. = vetrar-nauð (-ríki var mikit); -tíð, f. winter-tide; -tími, m. winter-time.

vetra-tal, n. number of winters, years (fyrr rosknir at afli en -tali).

vetr-beit, f. winter pasture; -björg, f. winter provender; -gamall, a. a year old (-gamalt lamb); -gata, f. winter-road; -gemlingr, m. a sheep a winter old; -gestr, m. winter guest; -grið, n. winter-stay, winter-quarters (bjóða e-m -grið); -hagi, m. winter pasture; -hringr, m. the milky way; -hús, n. pl. winter houses, opp. to ‘sel’; -langt, adv. = vetrarlangt; -líti, m. one who has passed a winter, ‘winter-old’ bear; -ligr, a. wintry; -lægr, a. lying up in harbour for the winter.

vetrnátta-helgr, f. the first Sunday in the winter-season; -skeið, n. the season when winter sets in.

vetr-nætr, f. pl. the winter nights (the three days which begin the winter season); -seta, f. winter quarters; -taka, f. taking a winter-guest.

vetrtaks-, or vetrtöku-maðr, m. winter-guest.

vetrungr (-s, -ar), m. an animal one winter old, yearling, esp. a calf.

vetr-veðr, n. winter weather; -vist, f. winter abode, winter quarter.

vett, n. lid of a chest, see ‘vætt’.

vett-fangr, -rim, -vangr, see vætt-, etc.; vettugi, see vættugi.

véurr, m. holy warder.

vexa (-ta, -tr), v. to rub with wax.

við or viðr, prep. with dat. and acc.; I. with dat. (1) against; hann sló honum niðr v. steininum, he dashed his head against the stone; hús liggja v. velli, the houses lie in ruins; kasta sér niðr v. velli, to cast oneself down on the ground; er inn efri kjöptr v. himni, en inn neðri við jörðu, the upper jaw touches the heaven, the lower the earth; hann hjó hann upp v. garðinum, he smote him close by the fence; skera af sér strenginn við øxinni, to cut the string, asunder against the axe; (2) against, towards, of direction; horfa v. e-m, to look towards, face; (3) along with (hann hafði marga smiðu v. sér); (4) with, of an instrument (jarl hljóp upp v. sverði); (5) among; gengu síðan í sæti sin v. öðrum mönnum, among other men; (6) denoting barter, exchange, against, for (geta gull v. grjóti); (7) denoting remedy, against (hjálpa e-m v. e-u); (8) against, denoting contest, warding off (hafa liðsafla v. e-m); hafa (viz. afl) v. e-m, to be one’s match; (9) ellipt. usages; stinga v. fótum, to stop; hrífa v., to catch hold; búast v., to make oneself ready; risa v., to withstand; hvatz hann fiðr v., whatsoever he may object; II. with acc. (1) by, at, close to (sníða skeggit við hökuna); skjöldr við skjöld, shield to shield; v. Sandhólaferju, at Sandholferry; v. veginn, by the wayside; v. ána, by the river; draga segl v. hún, to hoist the sail to the top; festa e-n v. meið, tré, to fasten to a pole, tree; binda v. fót e-s, to bind up a broken leg; dró upp flóka v. austr, in the east; (2) of time, towards, at; v. solar-setr, at sunset; v. sól, with the sun, at sunrise; v. aptan, towards evening; vera v. aldr, to be stricken in years; (3) at, by (vera heima v. bú sitt); Hrútr var v. skip um sumarit, H. stayed by his ship during the summer; sitja v. stýri, to sit at the rudder; styðja sik v. e-t, to lean on; ganga v. staf, to walk with a staff; vera v. e-t, to be present at; sitja v. drykk, to sit at drink; (4) denoting direction; í sýn v. bœinn, within sight of the town; (5) denoting company, with (bauð þeim heim vill alla sína menn); v. annan, þriðja, fjórða mann, being two, three, four altogether; (6) towards (a person or thing), respecting, regarding (mildr, blíðr, góðr v. e-n); til gæzlu v. e-n: for keeping, watching one; hræddr v. e-n, afraid of one; (7) of cause, by, at; falla v. högg, to fall by a stroke; sigla v. stjörnuljós, to sail by starlight; verða reiðr v. e-t, to become wroth at; (8) as compared with, set off against (þrjóta mun okkr illsku v. þik); eigi minna virðr en v. konunginn, of equal worth with the king; (9) according to, after (gera klæði v. vöxt e-s); v. sik, in proportion; hann var skapaðr allr v. sik, well shaped, symmetrical; vita, hvat v. sik væri, to know what was the matter; (10) denoting means, with, by (v. þessar fortölur); tendra eld v. e-t, to make fire by; (11) ellipt. usages; bregða við, to start; hann þagði v., he remained silent; fá v. þrjú skip, to add three ships; þurfa v., to need; bjarga, hjálpa e-u v., to help, put right; koma e-u við, to bring about.

við (gen. -jar, pl. -jar), f. withy, withe; collar (viðjar af gulli).

viða (), v. to furnish wood.

viða, f. (1) mast (lét hann reisa viðuna ok draga seglit); láta skip renna at (or á) viðum, to let the ship run under bare poles; (2) a high deck or bridge, amidships on ships of war (Sverrir konungr hljóp upp á viðuna).

viðan, f. cutting and fetching wood.

viðar-bulungr, m., -byrðr, f., -fang, n. a pile, burden, armful of wood; -flaki, m. hurdle (scaffolding) of wood; -föng, n. pl. wood-stores; -hlass, n. load of wood; -högg, n. wood-cutting; -lauf, n. wood-leaves; -mark, n. mark on a tree; -rif, n. the right of taking faggots; -rót, f. root of a tree; -runnr, m. grove; -taka, f. wood-pilfering; -tág, f. tough root; -tálga, f. wood-cutting; -teinungr, m. wand; -val, n. picked wood; -verk, n. wood-work; -vöxtr, m. young plantation, brushwood; -øx, f. wood-axe.

viða-val, n. selection of timber.

við-band, n. withy-band.

við-bára, f. objection, pretext; -bein, -beina, n. collar-bone; -bit, n. butter.

við-bitull, m. withy-bridle.

við-bjóðr, m. disgust, dislike (mér er -bjóðr við e-u, um e-ð).

við-björn, m. wood-bear, black bear.

við-bland, n. admixture (taka -bland af e-u).

við-borði, m. the broadside turned towards the enemy; vera (hafa sik) á borða, to be broadside on, in an an opposed position.

við-bragð, n. (1) quick movement, start; skjótligr í -bragði, on the alert; seinligr í -bragði, slow in his movements; bregða engum -brögðum, to make no starts, not to stir; (2) look, countenance, outward appearance (skolbrúnn ok nökkut grimmligr í -bragði); -brekt, a. n. steep, uphill, opp. to ‘forbrekkis’ (var -brekt at ríða at bœnum); -búnaðr, m., -búningr, m. preparation; hafa -búnað, -buning, to get oneself ready.

við-fall, n. (1) the lowering of a mast (viðr); (2) prosperous issue (væntir mik, at eigi fái þeir -fall þaðan af); ná øngu -falli, to come to no conclusion.

við-fang, n. (1) dealing with; góðr, harðr, illr -fangs, good, hard, bad to deal with; (2) pl., -föng, stores, provisions (en er þat þrýtr, þá mun illt til -fanga).

viðfanga-laust, a. n. without provisions.

við-fellinn, a. pliant, complaisant (vera -fellinn við e-n); -för, f. treatment (hafa verri -farar); -ganga, f. confession (-ganga synda).

viðgørðar-mikill, a. requiring great efforts, dangerous (veðr var hvasst ok -mikit).

við-gørningr, m. treatment (góðr -gørningr); -hjálp, f. help, support.

við-högg, n. wood-cutting.

viði-hæll, m., see ‘víði-hæll’.

viðja, f. withy, = við.

við-kenning, f. (1) an additional kenning; (2) acknowledgement (koma til -kenningar sannleiksins); -koma, f. touch; -kvað, n. = -kveð; -kváma, f. = -koma; -kveð, n. scream, yell, shriek; -kœmiliga, adv. becomingly.

við-köstr, m. pile of wood.

við-lagning, f. addition; -látinn, pp. prepared, ready (kvezt eigi mundu í annat sinn betr -látinn); -látinn at greiða, ready to pay; nú er svá -látit, at, now things stand so that; -leitinn, a. trying to do one’s best, endeavouring (viðleitinn um allar íþróttir); -leitni, f. endeavour, attempt; -lífi, n. behaviour, conduct; -líkr, a. similar; -lögur, f. pl. fines, = viðrlög (miklar viðlögur við manns aftak); -mæli, n. (1) conversation, interview (veita e-m -mæli); góðr, blíðr -mælis, affable; (2) agreement (þótti honum eigi haldizt hafa -mæli þeira); -nám, n. resistance (veita -nám).

viðr, prep. with dat. and acc. = við.

viðr (gen. -ar; pl. -ir, acc. -u), m. (1) tree (hann sá einn íkorna í viðum uppi); (2) forest, wood; sól gengr til viðar, the sun sets; (3) felled trees, timber (nú vil ek at þú takir mjöl ok við); (4) mast.

viðra (), v. (1) to blow, be such and such, of the weather; fjöld um viðrir (= viðrar) á fimm dögum, the weather often changes in five days; (2) to snuffle, scent (refkeilan viðraði í allar ættir).

viðr-auki, m. augmentation, addition; -borði, m. = viðborði; -búnaðr, -búningr, m. = viðbúnaðr, viðbúningr; -eign, f. (1) dealing with, intercourse; illr, harðr -eignar, hard to deal with, ill to manage; (2) encounter (-eign Sigmundar ok Haralds).

við-reki, m. drift of wood.

við-rétta, f. redress, compensation.

viðr-föng, n. pl. = viðfang 2; -ganga, f. (1) resistance; (2) = viðganga; -hending, f. ‘after-rhyme’, the latter rhyme-syllable in a verse-line; -hjal, n. conversation, talk; -hjálp, f. help, assistance.

-viðri, n. weather; in compds., haf-, heið-, hvass-, land-, vit-viðri, &c.

viðr-jafna (), v. to compare (e-t e-u); -kenning, f. = viðkenning; -komning, f. compunction; -kveð, n. = viðkveð; -kvæmiliga, a. becomingly; -kvæmiligr, a. becoming; -kœmiligr, a. becoming; -lifnaðr, m. means of sustenance; -lit, n. (1) a looking towards; (2) look, countenance (Hornbogi var í viðrliti bjartlitaðr).

viðrlita-mikill, a. big to behold.

viðr-lífi, n. = -lifnaðr; -líking, f. comparison, imitation; -líkjast (t), v. refl. to imitate, with dat.; -líkr, a. similar, = viðlíkr; -lægr, a. near; var þá -lægt, at, it was on the verge; -lög, n. pl. fine, penalty; -lögur, f. pl. = -lög; -mæli, n. conversation, talking together; -nám, n. resistance, = viðnám; -nefni, n. surname; -orð, n. adverb; -rœða, f. = viðrœða.

viðr-sjön, f. a warning, a thing to be shunned; -skipti, n. = viðskipti; -skotull, a. taunting; -slag, n. the parrying of a blow; -sýn, -sýnd, f. = -sjön; -taka, f. = viðtaka; -tal, n. conversation; -talan, f. talking together; -tekt, f. reception, receiving; hafa -tektir góðar, to be well received; -tœkiligr, a. susceptible, acceptable; -vera, f. presence; -verandi, pr. p. present; -vist, f. (1) presence; (2) means of sustenance (öll önnur skepna var skópuð manninum til -vistar); -væri, n. = viðrvist (2).

við-rœða, f. conversation, talk.

við-sjá (pl. -sjár), f. a shunning, wariness (vóru þá miklar dylgjur ok -sjár með þeim); gjalda (veita) -sjá, to be on one’s guard; hann gerði at -sjám at finna hann, he shunned him deliberately; -sjáll, a. on one’s guard against (við e-u).

viðsjá-, or viðsjár-maðr, m. a person to be on one’s guard against, to be shunned; -verðr, a. worth being on one’s guard against.

við-skipti, n. (1) dealings; illr, hœgr, góðr -skiptis, ill, easy, good to deal with; (2) plur. hostile intercourse (segir honum frá -skiptum þeira Ásgríms); (3) sexual intercourse (eiga -skipti við karlmenn).

viðskota-illr, a. malicious.

við-skraf, n. talk, chat.

við-smjör, n. ‘wood-butter’, (olive) oil (smurðr helgu -smjöri).

viðsmjörs-horn, -ker, n., -ketill, m. a horn, vessel, of oil; -kvistr, m. olive branch; -tré, n. olive free.

við-spell, -spjall, n. conversation; -staða, f. resistance (fekk hann enga -stöðu); -sýnd, f. = viðrsýn, viðrsjön; -sœmandi, pr. p. beseeming; -sœming, f. respects, homage (veita e-m -sœming); hœgr -sœmingar, easy to get on with; -taka, f. (1) reception, receiving hann fekk þar enga -tóku, he was rejected; veita konungi -töku, to receive the thing; (2) pl., esp. hospitalily; vera góðr -takna, to be a good host; fá góðar -tökur, to be well received; (3) resistance, = viðrtaka (var þar lítil -taka); -takandi, m. receiver; -tal, n. conversation, = viðrtal; -tekja, f. reception (fá góðar -tekjur); -tekt, f. = viðrtekt; -tœkiligr, a. agreeable.

viðtöku-maðr, m. receiver.

við-varan, f. warning; -varnam, f. abstinence from (-varnan fœzlu); -vindill, m. woodbine; -væri, n. = viðrværi; -vörun, f. = -varan.

vigg, n. poet. horse, steed.

vigr (pl. vigrar), f. poet. spear.

vika (gen. pl. vikna), f. (1) week; nú lífa sumarit til átta vikna, till it was eight weeks to winter; hin helga v., Holy-week (after Whitsun); efsta v., the last week of Lent, Passion-week; (2) sea-mile, = vika sjóvar, v. sævar (Ólafseyjar liggja út á firðinum hálfa aðra viku undan Reykjanesi).

vikna (), v. to give way (v. fyrir, v. við); of ranks in battle, in wrestling (gekk L. svá fast fram, at þeir viknuðu fyrir Skotarnir).

vikóttr, a. bald on the forehead above the temples (bleikr á hár ok v. snemma).

vikr, f. pumice-stone (fló v. mikil á bœinn í Næfrholt).

vil (gen. vilja), n. pl. entrails.

vil, n. (1) desire, lust (dul ok v.); (2) í v. e-m, at one’s will, to one’s liking (ráða drauma í v. e-m).

vil-björg, f. good help.

vild, f. (1) will, liking (eptir várri v.); (2) favour (fyrir vildar sakir við lýðinn).

vildar-fólk, n. the chosen people; -klæði, n. pl. the best clothes, state robes; -lið, n. the best men, favourites; -maðr, m. a distinguished man, favourite (konungr ok mart -manna); -mær, f. favourite maid, maid of honour.

vildis-lýðr, m. the best men, = vildarlið; -maðr, m. = vildarmaðr.

vildr (compar. vildri or vildari, superl. vilztr or vildastr), a. (1) agreeable (era sá vinr öðrum, er vilt eitt segir); (2) good, choice, esp. in compar. and superl. better, best; honum var ekki vildara af ván, he expected nothing better; vildra sverð, better sword.

vil-gali, m. flattery, = fagrgali.

vilgi, adv. (1) very; v. mjök, very much (hann kvíddi engu v. mjök); (2) by no means, not at all (hann vissi þat v. görla).

vilgis, adv. very, = vilgi (v. opt.).

vil-hallr, a. partial; segja -hallt, to give a partial, unfair report (liðsmenn segja opt -hallt, ok segja þat, er þeir vildi at væri).

vili (gen. vilja), m. (1) will, wish, desire (sigrsæll er góðr v.); (2) disposition, mind (vera e-m með góðum vilja); (3) delight, joy; vanr vilja, joyless.

vili-sess, m. pleasant seat (?).

vilja (vil, vilda, viljat), v. (1) to will, wish, with infin. (nú vil ek spyrja yðr); Austmaðr kvazt vildu (pret. infin.) fyrir hafa land, the Easterling said he wished to have land for (the ship); with the infin. left out or understood; vildi Aðalráðr hann ekki þar, A. wished him not (to be) there; hón vildi hann feigan, she wished him dead; with subj., viltu, at ek fara til eyjanna, wilt thou that I shall go to the islands; (2) with acc. to wish, want (eigi vil ek þessa); hvat vilt þú honum, what dost thou want with him?; v. hverjum manni gott, to wish good to everybody; v. heldr, to prefer (viltu heldr dóminn?); (3) impers., var sigit inn eptir firðinum svá sem vera vildi, as best might be, at random; þá er vel vildi, when the luck was fair; (4) v. e-m, to favour one (þat er ván, at þér mundi sœmdin v.); (5) v. til, to happen (ef þat á. til at v.); (6) refl., þeir viljast eigi við oss, they bear no good will towards us.

viljaðr, a. (1) willing, inclined; nú væra ek á þat v. at, I should like to; skal ek eigi vera verr v. en hann, I shall not be less eager (less ready) than he; (2) intentioned, disposed (at drottning mundi miklu verr viljuð); vera e-m vel v., well disposed towards one; e-m er lítt viljat til e-s, one does not like a person; játta því nökkuru, er þeim væri eigi vel viljat, not to their liking.

vilja-góðr, a. well disposed; -lauss, a. joyless; -leysa, f., -leysi, n. want of will; -ligr, a. voluntary.

viljan-liga, adv. willingly; -ligr, a. willing.

viljari, a. compar., viljastr, a. superl. = vildari, vildastr, see ‘vildr’.

viljug-liga, adv. readily.

viljugr, a. (1) willing, ready (v. til e-s); (2) to one’s liking (hvárt sem henni væri þat viljugt eða miðr).

vilkit, a. n., poet. not good, dismal.

villa, f. (1) error, falsehood; (2) heresy; (3) delusion.

villa (-ta, -tr), v. (1) to lead astray (nótt hefir mik villt); ok er svá villt fyrir mér, at, I am so bewildered that; (2) to falsify, counterfeit (v. heimildir á. fé); villtar rúnar, dark, obscure runes; rísta (rúnar) villt, to mis-write, write wrong; v. leitina fyrir e-m, to confound the search, put one on a wrong scent; (3) refl., villast, to go astray, lose one’s way (hafði hann villzt ok snúizt frá guði); with gen., nú villtust þeir vegar, now they lost the road; villtust hundarnir farsins, the hounds lost the track; þeim öllum villtist sýn, at engi þeira mátti finna hann, they were all so bewildered that none of them could find him.

villi-bráð, f. venison; -dýr, n. wild beast; -eldr, m. wild-fire; -fygli, n. wild fowl; -fœrr, a. bewildering, difficult to find the way (var þeim -fœrt til bœjarins); -graðungr, m. wild bull; -göltr, m. wild boar; -ráða, a. indecl. bewildered; -sauðr, m. wild sheep; -skógr, m. wild forest; -ský, n. bewildering cloud; -stígr, m. wild false path; -svin, n. wild boar.

villr, a. (1) wild, false (hverfa af villum götum); (2) bewildered, erring, astray; fara v., fara villt, to go astray (hann fór v. um stórar merkr ok úkunnar); (3) perplexed, uncertain (þeir urðu villir á hvára hönd þeim sjór skyldi liggja); with gen., fara v. vegar, to go astray.

villu-átrúnaðr, m. false belief, unbelief; -biskup, m. false bishop; -bönd, n. pl. bonds of error; -dómr, m. error; -draumr, m. false dream; -dýr, n. = villidýr; -efni, n. cause of error; -fullr, a. erroneous; -gata, f. wrong path; -karl, m. = -maðr; -kast, n. wrong throw; -keisari, m. false (heretic) emperor; -lauss, a. free from error, orthodox; -maðr, m. heretic; -nótt, f. night of error; -samligr, -samr, a. erroneous, false; -spámaðr, m. false prophet; -stígr, m. = villistígr; -trú, f. unbelief, heresy; -vegr, m. way of error.

vil-mál, -mæli, n. kind word, word of good will (hafa -mæli við e-n); -mæltr, pp. speaking to one’s liking (vera -mæltr e-m).

vilna (), v. (1) to make concession to, favour one (þau ein kaup höfðu þeir við átzt, at þeim var eigi vilnat í); (2) refl., vilnast e-s, to hope for, wish for, a thing (vilnaðist bann jafnan guðs miskunnar).

vilnaðr (gen. -ar), m. (1) joy, comfort; (2) hope.

vilnan, f. = vilnaðr; iðrast með v., to repent with hope.

vilt, a. n. from ‘vildr’ and ‘villr’.

vimpill, m. ‘wimple’, veil.

vin (gen. -jar), f. meadow.

vin, m. friend, = vinr.

vina, f. female friend.

vina-boð, n. feast of friends; -fundr, m. meeting of friends; -skipti, n. change of friends; -styrkr, m. strength, backing of friends; -vandr, a. particular as to friends; -veizla, f. = -boð.

vinátta, f. friendship (binda, halda, vináttu við e-n).

vinátta-boð, n. friendly offer, offer of friendship; -bragð, n. friendly turn; -heit, n. promise of friendship; -kveðja, f. friendly greeting; -mark, n. token of friendship; -mál, n. message, intercourse, of friendship; -merki, n. = -mark; -samligr, a. friendly, amicable.

vin-bein, n. collar-bone, = viðbein (lestist vinbein hans).

vinda (vind; vatt, undum; undinn), v. (1) to twist, wring, squeeze; v. klæði sín, to wring one’s wet clothes; v. sik = v. kleði sín (vóru allir vátir ok tóku at v. sik); v. e-t sundr, to break, snap asunder (hann vatt ljáinn í sundr milli handa sér); (2) to wind, twist; v. vef, to wind the woof; þær ór sandi síma undu, they wound a rope out of sand; (3) to wind, hoist up by means of a ‘vindáss’; v. segl, to hoist sail (þeir undu segl sín.); v. upp akkeri, to weigh anchor; vindum af ræfrit af skálanum, let us pull the roof off the hall; (4) to turn, swing; höfði vatt þá Gunnarr ok Högna til sagði, G. turned his head and spoke to H.; v. eldskíðu í næfrarnar, to hurl a burning brand on the roof; vindr upp sjóðnum, he suddenly lifted up the money-bag; (5) refl., vindast, to make a sudden movement, turn oneself quickly; pres. ‘vizt’ (í því kemr Þorgerðr inn, ok vizt Helgi við fast ok fellr ofan af þilinu).

vinda, f. hank of yarn.

vinda-brú, f. draw-bridge.

vindandi, f. the use of v (vend) before r, as in v-rangr, v-reiðr.

vind-auga, n. window, = vind-gluggr.

vind-áss, m. winding-pole, windlass (þeir undu með -ásum).

vind-belgr, m. wind-bag, bellows; -blaka, f. wind-flow, breeze; -blásinn, pp. distended by the wind; -blástr, m. wind-blast; -blær, m. light air, breath; -fullr, a. windy; -gluggr, m. window; -gul, n. air, wind. breeze; -heimr, m. world of the winds the air; -hjálmr, m. ‘wind helmet’, the sky.

vindingr, m. strips of cloth for winding round the leg.

vind-kaldr, a. wind-cold.

vindla (), v. to wind up (v. ull).

Vind-land, n. the land of the Wends.

vind-lauss, a. windless, calm (veðr var -laust A sjákyrt).

vind-lenzkr, a. Wendish.

vindli, m. wisp (fjúka sem v.).

vind-ligr, a. windy (veðr var -ligt); -lítill, a. light of wind, calm (veðr vóru vindlítil).

vindr (-s or -ar), m. (1) wind; v. var á norðan, it blew from the North; (2) air (gekk svá milli úvina sinna náliga sem hann œði vind).

vindr, m. winding-stairs.

vindr (vind, vint), a. awry.

Vindr, m. pl. the Wends.

vinds-blær, m. = vindblær; -bylr, m. gust of wind; -fullr, a. = vind-fullr; -gnýr, m. squall of wind.

vind-skeið, f. barge-board.

vind-stœði, n. the direction of the wind; -svalr, a. = -kaldr.

vindugr, a. exposed to the wind (ek hekk vin[d]ga meiði á).

vind-verska, f. the Wendish language; -verskr, a. Wendish.

vind-þrotinn, pp. short of wind; -þurr, a. wind-dry, air-dried (viðr -þurr); -æðar, f. pl. ‘wind-veins’, the arteries; -öld, f. ‘wind-age’, a time of tempests.

vin-fastr, a. steadfast as a friend; -fengi, n. friendship; -festi, f. steadfastness in friendship.

vingaðr, pp. standing in friendly relations (vel var Sveinn jarl v. við lenda menn).

vingan, f. friendliness, friendship.

vinganar-heit, n. pl., -mál, n. pl., -orð, n. pl., -svipr, m. promise, assertions, words, look of friendship.

vingast (), v. to make friends; v. við e-n, til e-s, to enter into friendship, or friendly relations, with a person.

vin-gjarnliga, adv. friendly, kindly; -gjarnligr, a. friendly, kind; -gjöf, f. friendly gift; -góðr, a. kind towards one’s friends; neut. -gott, friendliness (heldr vil ek gjalda féit, ok mun -gott í móti koma); -gott var með þeim, they were good friends; eiga -gott við e-n, to be good friends with a person.

vingull, m. a horse’s male organ.

vin-gæfr, a. procuring friends (mun oss sjá sigr ekki -gæfr vera); -gœði, n. kindness, amiability; -hallr, a. (1) partial; eigi var hann -hallr í dómum, he was no respecter of persons in his decisions; (2) = -hollr; -hollr, a. true, steadfast as a friend, affectionate as a friend; -hollr e-m, friendly towards one; -kaup, n. acquisition of a friend (honum þótti í þér mest -kaup); -kona, f. female friend; -lauss, a. friendless; -margr, a. having many friends; -mal, -mæli, n. friendly words, assertions (Egill þakkaði konungi gjafar ok -mæli).

vinna (vinn; vann, unnum, unninn), v. (1) to work, labour, do work (Ásmundr vildi lítit v.); v. á akri ok plœgja, to work in the field and plough; (2) to work, till, cultivate (v. akr, jörðina); (3) to work, perform, do; v. verk sin, to do one’s work; þat verðr hverr at v., er ætlat er, every one must do the work that is set before him; þér hafið mikit stórvirki unnit, ye have done a great deed; v. eið, sœri, to take an oath; v. bœtr á e-u, to redress; v. e-m beinleika, beina, to show hospitality to one; v. e-m geig, bana, to work harm, death, to one; v. e-m úsœmd, to bring shame, disgrace on one; v. e-m bót (illt), to do one good (harm); v. e-m hefnd, to take revenge on; (4) v. e-m, to wait upon, attend to, tend (Höskuldr bað hana vinna þeim hjónum); (5) to win, gain; v. orrustu, sigr, to gain a battle, victory; v. sigr á e-m, to obtain a victory over, defeat, one; (6) to win, conquer (v. land, borgir, skip); v. e-t aptr, to recover by conquest, reconquer (v. aptr þat ríki, er látit er); (7) to overcome, master, get the better of (þeir ætla, at þeim muni illa sœkjast at v. oss); (8) to avail (veit ek eigi, hvat þat vinnr); e-t vinnr e-m þörf, it suffices, is sufficient for one (þörf vinnr hverjum presti at segja eina messu); v. e-m at fullu, to be quite sufficient for one, do away with, kill (tók hann sótt þá, er honum vann at fullu); (9) to withstand, with dat., = v. við e-u; sköpum viðr (= vinnr) manngi, no man can withstand his fate; (10) followed by an adj. or pp., to make (v. e-n sáran, reiðan, barðan, felldan); vann hann yfirkominn Harald, he succeeded in vanquishing H.; v. hefnt, to take revenge; v. annat, to prove; (11) to reach (smíðuðu einn stöpul, þann er þeir ætluðu at v. skyldi til himins); (12) with preps., v. at e-u, to be busy with (v. at heyi); v. at svínum, sauðfé, to tend swine, sheep; fá ekki at unnit, to effect nothing (ekki munu þér fá at unnit svá búit); v. at e-m, to do away with, kill (þat var markat á tjaldinu, at Sigurðr vann at Fáfni); v. e-t á, to do, effect (höfum vér mikit á unnit í várri ferð); v. á e-m, to do one bodily injury, = v. áverka á e-m (með þann hug at v. á Gunnari); v. e-t til e-s, to do one thing in order to obtain or effect another (vildi hann v. þat til sættar með þeim brœðrum); þat vil ek til vinna, that I am ready to do; v. til e-s, to make oneself worthy of, deserve (v. til dauða); v. til fjár ok frægðar, to act so as to gain money and fame; v. við e-u, to withstand (mátti hann ok eigi við sköpum v. né sínu aldrlagi); v. e-n yfir, to overcome; (13) refl., vinnast, to last, suffice; meðan dagrinn vannst, as long as the day lasted; Illugi elti hann meðan eyin vannst, to the end of the island; festrin vannst eigi til jarðar, the rope was not long enough to touch the ground; þar sátu konur úti frá sem vannst, as there was room; ek vinnst eigi til þér at launa, I am unable to reward thee; ekki unnust þau mjök fyrir, they did little to support themselves; recipr., vinnast á, to wound one another.

vinna, f. work, labour; vera at vinnu, to be at work.

vinnandi (pl. -endr), vinnari, m. worker.

vinningr, m. gain, profit.

vinnu-fullr, a. having plenty of work; -fœrr, a. able to work; -góðr, a. clever at work; -greifi, m. over-seer; -hjún, n. pl. work-people, servants on a farm; -lítill, a. doing little work; -maðr, m. labourer, man-servant on a farm.

vinr (-ar, -ir), m. friend; í þörf skal vinar neyta, a friend in need is a friend indeed; hverr á sér vin með úvinum, every one has a friend among foes; vera e-m í vina húsi, to be one’s friend.

vin-raun, f. proof of friendship; -ræði, n. pl. friendliness, = vinsemd; -samliga, adv. in a friendly manner; -samligr, a. friendly, amicable; -semd, -semi, f. friendliness; -sending, f. friendly message or gift sent; -skapr, m. friendship; -slit, n. pl. breach of friendship (þetta mun okkr verða at -slitum); -spell, n. spoiling, of friendship.

vinstri, a. compar. the left (á v. hlið, til v. handar).

vin-sælast (d), v. refl. to endear oneself to (-sælast e-m); -sæld, f. popularity (tóku við slíkt at vaxa -sældir hans); -sæll, a. blessed with friends, beloved, popular (hann var -sæll af öllum mönnum); maðrinn var miklu -sælli en áðr, much more liked than before; -tengdr, pp. bound in friendship; -traust, n. trust in a friend; -veittliga, adv. kindly, in a friendly manner; -veittligr, a. friendly; -veittr, a. (1) given in a friendly spirit, agreeable, favourable (byrinn ekki -veittr); nú mun ek gera þér um -veitt, now I will do thee a friendly turn; (2) of persons, friendly amiable (úvandblœtr ok -veittr at veizlum).

vinza (), v. to winnow (v. korn).

vin-þurfi, a. in want of a friend.

vipr, f. pl. child’s toys (barna v.).

vipta, f. woof weft = veptr.

virða (-rða, -rðr), v. (1) to fix the worth of a thing, to tax, value (síðan vóru virð fé Haflgerðar); (2) fig., to value, estimate (þat kann engi v. nema guð einn); with gen., v. e-t mikils, to rate highly, think much of; v. lítils, to think or make light of; v. e-t engis (einskis), to make nothing of; v. e-t með sjálfum sér, to bethink oneself of, consider; konungr virði mest skáld sín, he held his poets in the highest estimation; virði jarl hann vel, the earl showed him great honour; v. til, to pay heed to, regard; hann kveðst vilja v. til enn heilaga Jacobum postola, he said he would respect the sanctity of St. James; v. e-t til e-s, to consider (deem) as (v. e-t til útrúleika við e-n); v. e-t vel, illa fyrir e-m, to put it to his credit, discredit; (3) refl., virðast vel, to be highly esteemed (hann virðist hvervetna vel); impers., virðist öllum mönnum vel til hans, everybody liked him; virðist oss svá, sem minnkaðist vár sœmd í því, it seems to us, we think that …; virðist hann konunginum afbragðsmaðr, the king thought him to be an exceptional man.

virðar, m. pl., poet. men.

virði-liga, adv. worthily, honourably; -ligr, a. (1) worthy, worshipful; (2) stately, imposing (-ligr maðr); (3) of things, fine, splendid (-ligr bústaðr).

virðing, f. (1) valuation (at lögligri virðingu); (2) reputation, honour; gera e-m þá v., to do that honour to one; leggja v. á e-n, to make much of one; (3) opinion, esteem; at minni v., in my opinion.

virðinga-maðr, m. a man of distinction or rank; -mikill, a. distinguished, worshipful.

virðingar-för, f. honourable journey; -gjarn, a. ambitious; -heimboð, n. honourable invitation; -hlutr, m. great credit (hafa -hlut af e-u); -kona, f. worthy lady; -lauss, a. without honour, rank, or distinction; -maðr, m. appraiser; -munr, m. disparity in rank; -ráð, n. (1) respectable estate or condition; (2) honourable plan; -vænligr, -vænn, a. honourable.

virðinga-samr, a. ambitious.

virði-samr, a. vain-glorious.

virðu-liga, adv. respectfully (kveðja e-n -liga); magnificently (búast -liga); -ligr, a. worthy, fine, splendid.

virgill, m. halter (var v. dreginn á háls honum).

virgil-nár, m. a corpse on a gallows.

virki, n. (1) work, = verk; esp. in compds., ill-, spell-, stór-, þrek-virki; (2) stronghold, castle.

virkis-armr, m. wing of a castle; -maðr, m. defender in a castle.

virkja (-ti, -t), v. impers. = verkja.

virkr, a. (1) working; in compds., góð-, harð-, mikil-, stór-; virkr dagr, work-day, week-day; (2) careful, painstaking (v. at e-u); (3) v. e-m, valued by, dear to (kærr var hann ok v. konunginum).

virkt, f. (1) tender care; Ástríðar læknaði hann með mikilli v.; hann bað af þeim (= h. bað þá) virkta vinum sínum ok frændum, he recommended his friends and kinsmen to their special charge; ok bað honum virkta við konunginn áðr þeir skildi, recommended him to the king before they parted; (2) good wishes; biðja e-m virkta, to wish one all good wishes (Ásdís bað honum margra virkta); (3) fondness, affection; spurði, hverja hluti H. hefði, þá er honum væri mest v. á, which were dearest to him; leggja á þá alla v., to cherish them in every way; hafa e-n í kærleik ok virktum, to hold one in love and affection; (4) af or með v., af or með virktum, with special care (hann lét gera skip af virktum).

virkta-lið, n. = -menn; -maðr, m. a chosen man, favourite man (-menn Sveins konungs); þeir kváðu hann vera -mann, they said he was a capital man; -ráð, n. excellent advice; -vel, adv. very well; -vinr, m. intimate friend.

virku-liga, adv. carefully.

virtr, n. wort (in brewing).

visinn, a. wizened, withered.

visk, f. wisp (hálm-visk, sef-visk).

visna (), v. to wither (hönd visnaði; visnuð hönd).

vissa, f. certain knowledge, certainty (hafa vissu af e-u); gera e-m vissu af e-u, to give notice of.

vissu-liga, adv. certainly (vita -liga); -ligr, a. certain (-lig ván).

vist (pl. -ir), f. (1) stay; hann fór til vistar til Hliðarenda, he went to stay at H.; hann var vistum með föður sínum, he stayed with his father; (2) abode (margar eru þá vistir góðar ok margar illar); veita e-m v., to lodge one; (3) food, provisions, often in pl.; ønga v. þarf hann, he requires no food; v. ok drykkr, meat and drink; Hrapp þraut vistir í hafi, H. ran short off provisions at sea.

vista (), v. (1) to lodge, find lodgings and food for (hann vistar kaupmenn nær skipi); (2) to furnish with food, provisions (þat var þá háttr, at menn vistuðu sik sjálfir til þings); (3) refl., vistast, to take up a fixed abode, stay, sojourn (hann vildi hér v. um sumarit).

vista-byrðingr, m. store-ship; -fang, n. provisions stores; -far, n. domicile; -fátt, a. n. running short of provisions (hann hafði, or honum var, -fátt); -ferli, n. = -far; -fæð, f. lack of provisions; -gjald, n. contribution in food (leggja -gjald á e-n); -gnótt, plenty of provisions; -lauss, a. without provisions; -leysi, n. lack of provisions; -malr, m. provision-bag.

vistar-far, n. domicile; fara -farl á e-n stað, to go to stay at a place; -gørð, f. fare (eigi er hér vönd -gørð); -laun, n. pl. board-wages; -maðr, m. lodger, boarder; -taka, f. forag ing; -tekja, f. sojourning, boarding (bjóða e-m marga kosti um -tekju); -veizla, f. boarding or housing of a person; -vera, f. sojourn.

vista-skip, n. provision-ship; -skortr, m. want of provisions.

vist-fang, n. = vistafang; -fastr, a. having a fixed abode; -lauss, a. homeless, with no fixed domicile (ek em maðr -lauss).

visundr (gen. -s or -ar, pl. -ar) m. bison-ox.

vit, n. (1) consciousness; hafa v. sitt, vita vits síns, to be in one’s senses, be conscious; (2) intelligence, cognizance; á. fárra (allra) manna viti, within few (all) men’s knowledge; (3) wit, understanding, reason; vel viti borinn, with a good understanding; ganga af vitinu, to go out of one’s wits, go mad (hann varð svá hræddr, at hann gekk náliga af vitinu); þat er mitt v., at, it is my opinion that; (4) sense, organ of sense (ekki v. manns heyrirnema eyru); (5) pl., a place where a thing is kept, receptacle (varðveita e-t í vitum sínum); (6) visiting, searching; fór M. jarl vestr um haf á v. ríkis sins, M. returned to his kingdom; ríða á v. sín, to look after one’s own affairs.

vit or við, pers. pron. dual, we two.

vita (veit, vissa, vitaðr), v. (1) to have sense, be conscious (hann var enn eigi ørendr, en vissi þó ekki); with gen., gráðugr halr, nema geðs viti, unless he has his senses about him; (2) to know; engi vissi skapara sinn, no one knew his maker; þeir er vel mart vitu, those who know many things; v. sik saklausan, to know oneself to be innocent; veizt þú, hvat þér man verða at bana, dost thou know what will be the cause of thy death?; v. skyn á e-m, to know one; Flosi kvaðst eigi v. skyn á, hverir lögmenn væri beztir, F. said that he knew nothing about who were the best lawyers; v. ván or vánir e-s, to expect, look for (G. vissi slíks matar þar ekki ván); v. fram, to be prescient, know the future; veit þat trúa min, upon my faith!; (3) to see, try to find out (bað þá v., hvat af Gretti yrði); vittu, ef þú hjálpir, see if thou canst help; vit, at þá náir sverði því, try to get that sword; (4) to look, be turned towards; v. upp, fram, aptr, to look (be turned) upwards, forwards, backwards; v. móti sólu, at sjánum, to face the sun, the sea; v. til norðrættar, to look north; ormahöfuð öll vitu inn í húsit, all the heads of the serpents look into the hall; with gen., þeir fundu vínvið allt þar sem holta vissi, they found the vine wherever there was woodland; (5) to come under a certain head; sökin veit til lands-laga, en ekki til Bjarkeyjar-réttar, the case comes under the country-law, and not under the town-law; (6) to bode, betoken, with gen. (ekki vita slík orð lítils); þat mun eigi øngra tíðinda v., this betokens no small tidings; (7) to mean, have such and such bearing; hvat veit óp þetta, what means this shouting?; eigi veit þannig við, that is not the case; seg mér hit sanna, hversu við veit, how things stand; ok rœddu um þat, at nú mundi vel v., that things were likely to take a good turn; (8) with preps., v. af e-u, to know of (ekki vissi á. af kaupi þeira); v. e-t at sér, to know oneself to be guilty of; v. e-t eptir sér = v. e-t at sér (v. eptir sér slíkan glœp); v. e-t frá sér, to be conscious (sensible) of (ek var svá syfjaðr, at ek vissa fátt frá mér); v. e-t fyrir, to know beforehand (ørlög sín viti engi maðr fyrir); v. til e-s, v. til um e-t, to know of (ekki vissu landsmenn til um ferð Þórólfs); v. ekki til sín, v. ekki til manna, to have lost consciousness, one’s senses; recipr. to know of an another (þeir vissust jafnan til í hafinu); v. um e-t, to make inquiries about (fara at v. um e-t); to know about (eigi veit ek um gaman þetta); v. e-t við e-n, to get to know a thing, from one (mun ek v. við skipverja mina, hvat þeim sýnist ráð).

vitaðr, pp. (1) known, proved; (2) marked out (sá er þeim völlr of v.).

vita-karl, m. beacon-watchman.

vitand, f. knowledge, privity (var þat gört með yðvarri v. ok ráði); at minni (várri) v., to my (our) knowledge.

vitan-ligr, a. known (-ligr e-m).

vita-vörðr, m. beacon-watch.

vit-fátt, a. n. short of wit (e-m verðr -fátt); -firring, f. insanity, madness.

viti, m. (1) token, mark, signal; þat þótti eigi góðs v., it boded nothing good; (2) as a naut. term; hafa vita af landi, to stand so near land as to be aware of it; (3) a beacon, kindled as a warning signal (brenna, kveikja, kynda vita).

vitja (), v. to go to a place, to visit (tók hann þat ráð at v. eigi optarr til Íslands); with gen., v. frænda sinna, to visit one’s kinsmen; at þeir mundi koma ok v. Gizurar, fiay G. a visit, attack him at his home; þóttust þeir vita, hvar hans var at v., where he was to be found; þeir vitja graðungsins, they went to fetch the bull; v. ráðahags, ráðs, to come to fetch one’s bride; v. einkamála, heita, to come to claim the fulfilment of an agreement, or promise.

vitjan, f. visit (hafið þér veitt oss sæmd með v. yðvarrar tignar).

vitkast (-að), v. refl. (1) to recover one’s senses; (2) to recover from a swoon (úvit).

vitki, m. wizard; vitka líki, in the form of a wizard.

vit-lausa, f. = -leysa; -lauss, a. (1) mad (hann hleypr þegar sem hann sé vitlauss); (2) unconscious, senseless (Ölvir lá þar -lauss, en Bárðr veginn); (3) foolish (-lauss ok illviljaðr); -leysa, f. madness, nonsense; -leysi, n. madness, nonsense; -leysingr, m. a witless, foolish person; -lítill, a. small-witted; -maðr, m. a man of great intellect, clever man; -menni, n. a man of great intellect, clever man; -mikill, a. of great intellect, clever.

vitna (), v. (1) to witness, attest, with acc. (v. málit); (2) v. undir e-n, to call one as a witness.

vitna-laust, adv. without witnesses.

vitneskja, f. signal, sign (góð v.).

vitni, n. (1) witness, testimony; bera v., to bear witness; bera e-m gott v., to bear one good witness; (2) = váttr, witness, of persons; nefna v., to call witnesses; (3) evidence, outward mark, or sign (var þar orpinn sá haugr til vitnis).

vitnir (gen. -is), m. poet. wolf.

vitnis-burðr, m. a bearing witness; giving evidence, testimony; -bœrr, a. able to bear witness; -fastr, a. proved by evidence; -fjall, n. the mount of the covenant; -lauss, a. unattested (-lausar sögur); -maðr, m. witness, = váttr; -órk, f. the ark of the covenant.

vit-orð, n. (1) knowledge (ekki var margra nianna -orð á hans ætterni) vera á (í, með) e-s -orði, to be known to one (þat var á margra manna -orði); (2) privity (vera í ráðum ok -orðum með e-m um verk).

vitorðs-maðr, m. a person cognizant (-maðr þess verks).

vitr (acc. vitran), a. wise (v. maðr).

vitra, f. (1) wisdom, sagacity; (2) knowledge (v. góðs ok ills).

vitra (), v. to manifest, reveal (v. mönnum úorðna hluti); refl., vitrast, to reveal oneself, appear in a dream or vision (mikit er um fyrirburði slíka, er hann sjálfr vitrast okkr).

vitran, f. (1) revelation; (2) vision, appearance in a dream.

vitringr (-s, -ar), m. wise man, sage (var þorgnyr inn mesti v.).

vitr-leikr, m. wisdom, sagacity.

vitrleiks-maðr, m. = vitringr.

vitr-liga, adv. wisely, with wisdom; -ligr, a. wise, judicious, sensible (-lig stjórn, ráðagørð); -máll, a. wise in speech (hon er væn ok -mál).

vits-munir, m. pl. sense, sagacity; koma á -muni við e-n, to outwit one.

vit-stola, a. indecl., -stolinn, pp. out of one’s mind, insane.

vitt, n. sorcery, charms.

vitta (-tta), v. poet. to bewitch, charm (vitti hon ganda).

vitta-fullr, a. full of charms.

vittugr, a. skilled in witchcraft.

vitugr, a. sensible, clever.

vitund, f. = vitand.

vit-vandr, a. requiring cleverness.

vizka, f. wisdom, sagacity.

vizkr, a. clever, sensible (vel v.).

vizku-bragð, n. wise contrivance; -liga, adv. wisely; -ligr, a. wise; -maðr, m. wise man; -munr, m. difference in wit; -samligr, a. wise; -tré, n. the tree of knowledge.

víða (-ara, -ast), adv. (1) widely far and wide, in many places (vóru þeir því ágætari ok víðfrægri sem þeir fóru víðara); víðast um veröldina (in the wide world) fannst eigi sá maðr; (2) largely, extensively (hann ló v. frá).

víða (-dda, -ddr), v. to widen (braut ísinn ok víddi vökina).

víðatta, f. wideness, openness, of a district (farið nú á viðáttu jarðar).

vídd, f. width, wideness, extension.

víðerni, n. extension, extent.

víð-faðmr, a. extensive, far-reaching; -fleygr, a. wide-flying; -frægja (-ða, -ðr), v. to make widely known; -frægr, a. far-renowned, famous; -förli, f. extensive travelling; -förull, a. far-travelling.

víði-hæll, m. a peg of willow.

víðir (gen. -is), m. willow (sjá dalr er mjök víði vaxinn).

víðka (), v. to widen.

víð-leikr, m. width, extent; -lenda (-nda), v. to extend, enlarge a territory; -lendi, n. broad lands, wideness of lands, extent; -lendr, a. having extensive lands, of a king.

víðr, a. wide, large, extensive (víðir skógar); á víða vega, widely abroad, broadcast; víðs vegar, in all directions (flýja, dreifast víðs vegar); víðs fjarri, far away.

víð-læss, a. far-roaming; of deer; -sýnn, a. with wide prospect (á haugum nökkurum, þar sem -sýnt var).

víf, n. poet. woman, wife.

vífandi, pr. p., in the phrase, koma at v., to arrive as by chance.

vífinn, a. given to women.

vífl, f. cudgel, bat, used in washing.

víg, n. (1) fight, battle; eiga v. móti e-m, to fight against; eiga v. saman, to have a fight together; verja e-t vígi, to defend by fighting; (2) homicide, man-slaughter (vega v.).

víga-far, n. battle, slaughter (úfriðr ok -far); -ferði, n., -ferðir, f. pl., -ferli, n. pl. man-slayings (man þetta upphaf -ferla þinna); -guð, n. god of battle; -hugr, m. = víghugr; -maðr, m. a fighting man; -maðr mikill, a great manslayer.

víg-áss, m. war-beam, for defence (þeir höfðu -ása í dyrum); -djarfr, a. daring in fight, stout-hearted; -drótt, f. warriors; -fimi, f. skill in arms; -fimr, a. skilled in feats of arms; -flaki, m. mantlet of boards; -fleki, m. (1) = -flaki; (2) = -gyrðill; -frekr, a. eager for fight; -frœkn, a. martial, gallant; -fœrr, a. able to fight; -gyrðill, m. a shelter used on ships during battle; -gyrðla (), v. to protect, fortify with ‘víggyrðlar’; -hestr, m. war-horse; -hugr, m. warlike (murderous) mood.

vígi (gen. pl. vígja), n. (1) vantage ground, stronghold (klettrinn var víðr ofan ok v. gott); (2) the bulwarks or gunwale of a ship.

vígis-munr, m. difference in vantage-ground (þar var svá mikill -munr, at þar mundi ekki vinna bergit).

vígja (-ða, -ðr), v. (1) to hallow, consecrate, in a heathen sense (tók upp hamarinn Mjölni ok vígði hafrstökurnar); (2) in a Christian sense, to consecrate, ordain (vígja biskup, prest, djákn; vígja e-n til biskups, prests, konungs).

víg-kœni, f. = -fimi; -kœnn, a. = -fimr; -kœnska, f. = -kœni; -leysi, n. defencelessness; -lið, n. warriors; -ligr, a. martial, doughty; -ligr á velli at sjá, of martial appearance; -ljóss, a. having daylight for fighting, (þá var þó svá kveldat, at eigi var -ljóst); -maðr, m. warrior; -mannliga, adv. martially; -mannligr, a. martial; -málugr, a. given to talk of battle; -móðr, a. weary in battle; -nest, n. poet. armour (?); -nesta böl, sword or spear.

vígr, a. (1) in fighting condition, able to fight (hafa með oss alla víga. menn); v. vel, well skilled in arms, (2) þeir drápu karla þá, er vígt var at, they smote the men that might be slain.

víg-reiðr, a. in warlike mood; -risinn, a. gallant in war; -risni, f. prowess in arms; -roð, n., roði, m. glow of war (verpr -roða um víkinga).

vígsakar-aðili, m. prosecutor in a suit for manslaughter; -bœtr, f. pl. = vígsbœtr.

vígs-bœtr, f. pl. compensation for manslaughter; -gengi, n. backing one in battle (veita e-m -gengi); -gjöld, n. pl. = vígs-bœtr.

víg-skarða (), v. to furnish with ramparts, fortify; -skár, a. exposed to war (-skátt ríki); -skerðr, pp. furnished with ‘vígskörð’; -skörð, n. pl. battlements, ramparts.

vígsla, f. consecration, ordination (taka vígslu af biskupi).

víg-sloði, m. the section of law treating of battle and manslaughter.

vígslu-dagr, -eiðr, m. day, oath of consecration; -faðir, m. ordaining father (of a bishop); -gull, n. coronation ring; -gørð, f. performance of ordination; -hrútr, m. sacrificial ram; -hönd, f. ordaining hand; leggja -hendr yfir e-n, to lay hands on, of a bishop; -kaup, n. coronation fee; -klæði, n. pl. consecration robes; -maðr, m. one in holy orders; -skrúð, n. coronation robes; -sverð, n. coronation sword; -vatn, f. holy water.

vígs-mál, n. a suit for manslaughter.

víg-spár, a. boding of war; -spjöll, n. pl. tidings of war.

vígs-víti, n. punishment for manslaughter.

víg-sök, f. suit of manslaughter; -tól, n. pl. murderous tools; -tönn, f. canine tooth, tusk; -vél, f. war-trick, war-engine; -völlr, m. battle-field; -völr, m. ‘battle-stick’, weapon; -þrima, f. din of battle; -þrot, n. end of the battle; -æsa, v. to furnish with vígásar; -ór, f. a kind of dart.

vík (gen. víkr, pl. víkr), f. inlet, small bay; róa v. á e-n, to row one round, get the better of one.

víking, f. freebooting voyage, piracy, (hann var í v. á sumrum ok fekk sér fjár); liggja í víkingu ok hernaði, to be engaged in freebooting expedition and warfare; fara í v., to go out on a freebooting expedition.

víkinga-bœli, n. haunt of sea-rovers (vikings); -höfðingi, m. chief of vikings; -lið, n. company of vikings; -skeið, f., -skip, n. viking’s ship.

víkingligr, a. like a viking.

víkingr (-s, -ar), m. (1) freebooter, sea-rover, pirate, viking (Flóki Vilgerðarson hét maðr, hann var v. mikill); (2) in later times, robber, highwayman.

víkings-efni, n. one likely to become a great viking.

víkingskapr (gen. -ar), m. piracy.

víkja (vík; veik, vikum; vikinn), v. (1) to move, turn, with dat. (sveinninn mátti hvergi v. höfðinu); hann veik sér hjá dyrunum, he passed by the door; v. e-m af hendi, to turn one off, dismiss; v. e-u af sér, to decline (A. veik því af sér); v. e-u til ráða (atkvæða) e-s, to hand it over to one’s decision; v. tali, rœðu, máli til e-s, to turn one’s speech to one, address oneself to one; v. til e-s, to mention, refer to (hefr hann svá kvæðit, at hann víkr til Ólafs konungs); v. til við e-n, to broach it to one; v. á e-t, to hint at (Þ. víkr á nökkut í Þorgeirsdrápu á misþokka þeira); v. á við e-n = v. til við e-n; víkja svá bœkr til, at, the books indicate that; (2) to move, go (þeir víkja þegar eptir þessum mönnum); v. aptr, to return (þeir víku aptr ok leita þeira); hann veik heim, he returned home; v. til norðrættar, to trend north (þat ríki víkr til norðrættar); v. inn til hafnar, to veer round and seek harbour (önnur skipin viku inn til hafna af leiðinni); v. eptir e-m, to follow one’s example; v. eptir e-u, to yield to (v. eptir freistingu fjándans); (3) impers. to turn, trend; landinu víkr til landnorðrs, the land trends to north-east; svá veik viðr veginum, at þar var hraungata mikil, the road was of this nature; nú veik svá við, at liðit fór yfir á eina mikla, now it came to pass; nú víkr sögunni vestr til Breiðafjarðardala, now the story turns west to B.; en þar veik annan veg af, it turned out quite another way; (4) refl., víkjast, to turn oneself; v. aptr, to return; hón sat ok veikst eigi, she sat and stirred not; v. eptir e-u, to turn after, imitate; v. undan e-u, to evade, decline; v. undan við e-n, to refuse one; v. undir hlýðni við e-n, to do homage to; v. við e-t, to respond to (kvað hann vel hafa vikizt við sína nauðsyn).

víkjanligr, a. yielding, pliant.

víkva, v. = víkja (v. skapi sínu til e-s).

Vík-verjar, m. pl. the men from the district ‘Vík’ in Norway; -verskr, a. from the ‘Vík’, of persons.

víl, n. wisely, wretchedness (v. ok erfiði); -mögr, m. wretch, bondsman; -siðr, m. misery, distress; -sinni, n. misery, distress; -sinnis spá, evil prophecy; -stígr, m. path of misery, woeful path.

vín, n. wine; -belgr, m. wine-bag; -ber, n. grape; -berill (pl. -berlar), m. wine-vessel.

vínberja-köngull, m. bunch of grapes.

vín-byrli, m. cup-bearer; -dropi, m. drop of wine; -drukkinn, pp. drunken with wine; -drykkja, f. wine-drinking; -drykkr, m. drink of wine; -fat, n. wine-vat; -fátt, a. shortage of wine, scarcity of wine; -ferill, m. wine-vat; -garðr, m. vineyard.

víngarðs-fágari, m. vine-dresser.

vín-guð, m. the wine-god, Bacchus; -hús, n. wine-house; -höfugr, a. heavy with wine (skálir vínhöfgar); -kaggr, m. wine-jar; -ker, n. wine-beaker; -kjallari, m. wine-cellar.

Vín-land, n. Wineland, part of North America (Vínland it góða).

Vínlands-ferð, -för, f. expedition to Wineland.

vín-laukr, m. a kind of grass or herb; -lauss, a. wineless; -leysi, n. lack of wine; -óðr, a. wine-mad, drunk; -órar, m. pl. wine-ravings; -pottr, m. wine-pot; -tré, n. vine, vine-plant; -tunna, f. wine-cask; -viði, n., -viðr, m. vine, = -tré; -þröng, f. wine-press.

víra-virki, n. ‘wire-work’, filigree.

vírr, m. wire, thread of metal.

vísa (, rarely -ta, -t), v. to show, point out, indicate; v. e-m leið, to show one the way; v. augum í e-n, to direct, fix the eyes on one; v. hundi at mann í, to set a hound on a person; v. e-m til sætis, to show one where to sit; v. e-m til landskostar, to direct one to the best of the land; þeir vísuðu honum til Kols, they showed him the way to Kol, told him where he was to be found; v. e-m til vegar, to show one the road; v. e-m frá, to send one away, reject an application; v. á e-t, to point at, indicate (fleiri eru þau tíðindi, er kvæðit vísar á); v. svá til, at, to indicate (vísa ok svá til enskar bœkr, at); impers., vísar svá til í sögu Bjarnar, it is indicated, referred to, in the story of B.; with infin., v. e-m at gera e-t, to tell, prompt one to do a thing.

vísa, f. verse, strophe, stanza (hann orti kvæði ok eru þessar vísur í).

vísa-eyrir, m. fixed, regular income.

vísan, f. direction, instruction (nú skulu þeir fara eptir minni v.).

vísa-ván, f. a thing sure to happen.

vís-bending, f. signal; gera e-m -bending, to give one a signal; -dómr, m. (1) knowledge, intelligence; bera fullan (sannan) -dóm á e-t, to know for certain; (2) wisdom, wise talk, opp. to ‘heimska’.

vísdóms-fullir, a. full of wisdom, wise; -kona, f. wise woman, sibyl; -maðr, m. (1) sage; (2) soothsayer, prophet; -meistari, m. magician.

vísendi, n. pl. = vísindi.

vís-eyrir, m. a king’s regular revenue; cf. ‘vísa-eyrir’.

vísi, m. poet. leader, chief.

vísinda-bók, f. learned book; -kona, f. wise woman, sibyl; -maðr, m. soothsayer; -svör, n. pl. answers information; -tré, n. the tree of knowledge; -vegr, m. the way of knowledge or truth.

vísindi, n. pl. (1) knowledge, intelligence; taka v. af e-u, to draw information from a thing; svá er sagt í fornum vísindum, at, in old lore (in old songs) it is said that; hann (viz. Mímir) er fullr af vísindum, he is full of wisdom (knowledge); vita e-t með vísindum at segja, to know for certain; (2) revelation (urðu mörg v sýnd mönnum í draumum); (3) magic art (fara með vísindum ok spádóm).

vísir, m. (1) leader, king, = vísi; (2) sprout (sýndist mér vísirinn vaxa).

vís-leikir, m. knowledge, wisdom; -liga, adv. (1) for certain (vita -liga); (2) wisely; -ligr, a. certain, sure, safe (þykkir mér vísligra at fara aptr í ríki mitt).

víss, a. (1) certain (þótti honum sér þá vísari dauði en líf); þótt ek vita vísan bana minn, though I know my death is sure; verða e-s v., to ascertain, become aware of (ek mun þessa brátt v. verða af konungi); impers., þessa mun aldri víst verða, this will never be known; verða e-s v. um e-t, af e-u, to get some information of, as to; víss vitandi, knowingly, intentionally; (2) wise (I. var inn vísasti maðr í öllu); (3) known (nú liðu svá sex vetr, at þetta varð eigi vist); (4) neut. as adv., vita e-t víst, to know for certain; þat vil ek víst, surely I will; víst eigi, certainly not, by no means; at vísu, certainly, surely (hann hefir þat at vísu í hug sér); til víss, for certain (sjá, vita kenna e-t til víss) fyrir víst = til víss; acquainted with (dvergar veggbergs vísir).

vísu-helmingr, m. half a strophe; -lengd, f. length of a strophe; -orð, n. a line of a strophe.

vís-vitaðr, pp. known for certain.

víta (-tta, -ttr), v. to fine, sconce (víttr ertu nú skáld, er þú kemr eigi undir borð).

víta-verðr, a. worthy of punishment or fine.

víti, n. (1) punishment; skapa e-m v. fyrir e-t, to punish one for a thing; fá, taka v., to suffer punishment (Þorgils segir, at hún skal v. fyrir taka); láta sér annars v. at varnaði, to be warned by another’s woe; (2) fine, mulct, = févíti (gjalda v.); (3) sconce, = borðvíti; en er kom at jólum, vóru v. upp sögð, but when Yule came the sconces were declared.

vítis-horn, n. sconce-horn or cup; -lauss, a. without punishment, blameless; -leysi, n. impunity.

vítka, v. to blame (v. e-n e-s).

vítt, adv. far, = víða.

víxl, n., only in the phrase, á víxl (1) passing by one another in opposite directions (bryggjur svá breiðar, at aka mátti vögnum á, v.); (2) across; standa á v. fótunum, to stand cross-legged.

víxlingr, m. changeling, = skiptingr.

víxtr or víxltr, pp. changed, of a changeling (at hann myndi v. vera).

voga (), v. to dare, venture.

voldugr, a. powerful, = völdugr.

væða (-dda, -ddr), v. to clothe.

vægð (pl. -ir), f. mercy, forbearance (eiga øngrar vægðar ván).

vægtar-lauss, a. merciless, exacting; -laust, adv. without mercy.

vægi, n. weight, moment; vera lítils vægis, to be of small moment.

vægi-liga, adv. forbearingly, leniently; -ligr, a. forbearing, lenient (-ligr dómr).

væginn, a. lenient, yielding.

vægja (-ða, -t), v. (1) to give way to, with dat.; v. göngunni, to yield the road, when two meet one another; (2) absol., to give way, yield (jafnan vægir hinn vitrari); v. fyrir e-m, to give way to one (hón kvaðst aldri v. skyldu fyrir Hallgerði); v. eptir e-m, v. við e-n, to yield to one; (3) to temper, with dat. (v. reiði sinni); v. dómum, to temper judgement; v. orða atkvæðum, to forbear from words; (4) to spare, with dat. (Þorkell bað jarl v. bóndum); (5) refl., vægjast, to yield, give way (betra er at v. tit góðs en bægjast til ills); v. til við e-n, to give way to one.

vægja (-ði, -t), v. impers. to emit matter (vágr), suppurate (hendr hans hafði vægt ok fœtr).

væg-leiðinn, a. = væginn (við e-n).

vægr, a. nicely balanced, of scales (vægar skálir).

væl, n. wailing.

vælan, f. wailing.

væla (), v. to wail.

væna (-da, -dr), v. (1) to give one hope of, v. e-m e-s or e-u (v. e-m miskunnar ok eilífrar dýrðar); (2) to ween, think (í kveld væni ek, at ek heiti Úfeigr); impers., e-n vænir, at, one thinks that (vænir mik nú, at þeir hafi aptr snúit); (3) v. e-n e-u, to charge one with a thing (v. e-n lygi); (4) refl., vænast e-s or e-u, to hope for (vænist hann ok øngra manna liðveizlu); v. e-u, to boast of.

vænd (pl. -ir), f. prospect, expectation (er í þær vændir komit, at).

vændis-fólk, n. wicked people; -höfðingi, m. wicked, bad chief; -kona, f. harlot; -maðr, m. miscreant.

væng-brotinn, pp. broken-winged.

vængi, m. cabin on board a ship.

vængjaðr, a. furnished with wings.

væng-knúi, m. the wing joint.

vængr (-jar, -ir), m. (1) wing (með vængjunum huldi hann landit allt); (2) wing of a budding, esp. of a church.

væni, n. prospect; þótti öllum mikils ills af v., every one thought that much evil might be looked for.

væning (pl. -ar), f. imputation.

vænkast (), v. to bid fair, look well, take a good turn (þykkir þeim v. um sinn hag).

væn-leikr, m. bodily beauty (þá var þeim eintalat um Helgu, ok lofaði hann mjök -leik hennar).

vænleiks-maðr, a. a fine man.

væn-liga, adv. hopefully, promisingly; -ligr, a. hopeful, promising, fine (mikill maðr ok -ligr).

vænn, a. (1) likely, to be expected (er vænst, at liðnar sé mínar lífsstundir); (2) bidding fair, likely to succeed (eigi mundi í annat sinn vænna at fara at jarli); hér ferr vænt at, here it goes fairly; (3) of persons, hopeful, promising (Björn þótti v. til höfðingja);(4) fair to behold fine, beautiful (væn kona ok kurteis); of things, fine (kross v. með líkneskjum).

vænta (-nta, -nt), v. (1) to give one hope of, v. e-m e-u (ek vænti þér sættinni, en ek heit eigi); (2) to hope for, expect, with gen. (væntum vér oss góðra viðtakna); v. til e-s, to hope for; v. í e-u, to hope in, set one’s hope in (væntum í hans miskunn); (3) impers., (þess) væntir mik, at, I expect (hope) that (væntir mik enn, at honum fari vel).

vænting, f. hope, expectation.

væpna (-ta, -tr), v. to arm.

vær, pron. we, = vér.

væra, f. snugness, warmth.

værð, f. rest, tranquility (samfarar þeira vóru eigi með værðum).

væri, n. abode, shelter (þeir átu hvárki vist né v. í Víkinni).

Væringja-lið, n. the body of the Værings; -lög, n. pl. the league, guild of the V.; -seta, f. the guard of the V.

Væringjar, m. pl. Varangians, Northern warriors who served as bodyguard to the emperors of Constantinople.

vær-leikr, m. rest, peace, tranquillity.

værr, a. (1) snug, comfortable, peaceful (samfarar þeira vóru eigi værar); í væru ranni, in the peaceful hall; honum gerðist ekki mjök vært, he did not feel much at ease; (2) neut., vært, fit to be or stay at a place (þér er ekki vel vært hér í landi); eigi er ykkr saman vært, ye cannot live together.

væru-gjarn, a. fond of rest and warmth.

væstr, pp. worn out by wet and toil (kómu þeir væstir til bœjar).

væta, f. wet, sleet, rain (vóru vætur miklar bæði nætr ok daga).

væta (-tta, -ttr), v. to wet, make wet (at v. allan senn dúkinn).

vætr, n. indecl. nought; hyggst v. hvatr fyrir, a valiant man fears nothing; with gen., v. manna, no man; v. véla, no fraud.

vætt (pl. -ir), f. (1) prop. weight (þat fé allt, er at vættum skal kaupa); (2) of a definite weight, in Norway = 1/24 of a ‘skippund’; in Iceland = 80 lbs. (þrjár vættir ullar).

vætt, n. lid of a chest or shrine.

vætta (-tta, -tt), v. = vænta.

vætt-fangr, m., see ‘vættvangr’.

vætti, n. witness, testimony (bera v.; fœra fram v. sín).

vættis-burðr, m. bearing witness.

vættki (gen. vættkis, vættugis; dat. vættugi), n. no whit nothing, nought, = ekki vætta; hafða ek þess v. vífs, I got no favour from that lady; vættugis verðr, worthless; varr at vættugi, fearing nothing.

vættr (pl. -ir), f. (1) wight, being; þegi þú, rög v., hold thy tongue, vile being; (2) esp. a supernatural being; hjálpi þér hollar vættir, way the gracious powers help thee; heiðnar vættir, heathen fiends; illar vættir, evil beings; (3) ekki vætta, no whit, nothing at all (höfðu þeir ekki vætta at sök); as adv. not at all (ekki vætta hræddr); øngu vætta vildi hann eira, he would not spare anything.

vætt-rim or vett-rim, f. ? a ridge along the middle of a sword-blade.

vætt-vangr, m. the spot where a battle, assault, or manslaughter has taken place.

vættvangs-bjargir, f. pl. the aiding or abetting an assault on the very spot; -búar, m. pl. neighbours to the scene of action, to be summoned as ‘búar’.

vætu-drifa, f. sleet; -lopt, n. moist air; -sumar, n. wet summer.

vœðr, a. fordable, = œðr.

vöðull (pl. vöðlar), m. = vaðill.

vöðva-sár, n., -skeina, f. flesh-wound, slight wound.

vöðvi, m. muscle (Grettir hjó til hans á lærit hœgra svá at ór tók allan vöðvann).

vög (pl. vegr), f. lever.

vögn (pl. vagnir), f. a kind of whale, a dolphin or grampus.

vögn-, vögnu-hvalr, m. = vögn.

vögur, f. pl. bier, hand-barrow.

vök (gen. vakar, pl. vakir and vakar), f. a hole, opening in the ice (hann hratt hestinum í v. eina).

vökna (), v. to become wet.

vökóttr, a. full of holes, of ice.

vökr (acc. -van), a. wet, moist (þeira líkamir eru vökvir ok vátir).

vöku-, gen. from ‘vaka’; -líð, n. watching-people, scouts; -maðr, m. watchman; -nótt, f. watchful night.

vöku-, gen. from ‘vökva’; -samr, a. moist; -skortr, m. want of moisture.

vökva (gen. vöku), f. moisture, humidity.

vökvi, m. moisture, humidity.

vökva (), v. (1) to moisten, water (v. landit, pálmviðinn); (2) = vekja; v. sér blóð, to make blood flow.

vökvi, m. moisture, fluid, = vökva.

völdug-leikr, m. power, authority; as a title, yðvarr -leikr, your highness.

völdugr, a. mighty, powerful (v. ok mikils ráðandi).

völdug-skapr (-ar), m. = völdug-leikr.

völdu-liga, adv. proudly (láta -liga); -ligr, a. powerful.

völlr (gen. vallar, dat. velli; pl. vellir, acc. völlu), m. (1) field, (level) ground (þar vöru víða vellir sléttir); kasta sér niðr við vellinum, to cast oneself down flat on the ground; leggja e-n við (or at) velli, to lay one level with the ground, kill one; hús mín liggja við velli, my house lies an the ground, is demolished; lauss á velli, loose in the ranks, not steady; fastr á velli, firm, steady; vígligr á velli at sjá, martial to look at; friðr, mikill á velli, of fine, stout, appearance; (2) manured field, meadow (reiða á völl).

völr (gen. valar, dat. veli; pl. velir, acc. völu), m. round stick, staff; cf. ‘hjálm-, rið-, vígvölr’.

völu-leiði, n. sibyl’s barrow.

völundr (-ar, -ar), m. master smith, great artist (Hrafn var v. at hagleik bæði at tré ok at járni).

völva (gen. völu; pl. völur), f. prophetess, sibyl, wise woman, witch (fóru þá um landit spákonur, er kallaðar vóru völur).

vömb (gen. vambar), f. ‘womb’, belly, paunch; kýla vömbina, to fill the belly.

vömm (gen. vammar), f. disgrace.

vöndla (), v. to make up into a bundle (v. e-t upp).

vöndr (gen. vandar, dat. vendi; pl. vendir, acc. vöndu), m. (1) wand, switch, twig (sverðit beit eigi heldr en vendi berði um); snúa vönd í hár e-m, to twist a wand in one’s hair, preparatory to beheading a culprit; (2) stripe, in cloth (segl stafat vendi blám ok rauðum).

vöndull, m. bundle of hay (tóku þeir vöndul heys fyrir hvern hest).

vör (gen. varar, pl. varar), f. (1) a fenced-in landing-place (sigla ór vörum); (2) wake; (3) = vörr, m.

vörð (pl. varðir), f. poet. woman.

vörðr (gen. varðar, dat. verði; pl. verðir, acc. vörðu), m. (1) ward, warder (Heimdallr er v. goða); hafa á sér vörðu, to have watches out (þeir höfðu á, sér vörðu; Sverrir konungr hafði fengit njósn af, hvar verðir þeira vöru); (2) guard, watch; halda vörð, to keep watch or guard; ganga á vörð, to mount guard; vera á verði, to be on guard; veita e-u vörð, to watch, take care of.

vörn (gen. varnar, pl. varnir), f. (1) defence (mun hans v. uppi, meðan landit er byggt); til varnar, for defence (þeir höfðu engan liðskost til varnar); (2) in law, defence, opp. to ‘sókn’; bjóða til varna, to call on the defendant to begin his pleadings; fœra v. fram fyrir mál, to act for the defendant in a suit; (3) a point for the defence, exception; Ásgrími tókst svá til, at v. var í máli hans, that there was a flaw in his suit.

vörnuðr, m. warning (bjóða vörnuð); cf. ‘varnaðr’ (2).

vörpu-ligr, a. of stout, stately appearance (inn -ligsti maðr).

vörr (gen. varrar, pl. varrar, varrir), f. lip; vörr in efri, neðri, the upper, lower lip; G. beit á vörrinni, G. bit his lip.

vörr (gen. varrar, dat. verri; pl. verrir, acc. vörru), m. a pull of the oar (er þeir höfðu fá vörru róit frá landi); þeysa vörru, to pull with might and main (ríkuliga hygg ek þá vörru þeysa).

vöru-hlaði, m. pile of wares (vara); -sekkr, m. sack (pack) of wadmal; -smíði, n. work in wood or metal; -váð, f. marketable cloth, common wadmal; -virðr, a. marketable.

vörzlu-maðr, m. warranter, surety.

vöttr (gen. vattar, dat. vetti; pl. vettir, acc. vöttu), m. glove (hafa vöttu á höndum).

vöxtr (gen. vaxtar, dat. vexti; pl. vextir, acc. vöxtu), m. (1) growth, increase; ganga (fara) í vöxt, to increase; (2) increase, interest; taka fé til vaxta, to make it productive; (3) size, stature (mikill, lítill vexti); haffœranda skip at vexti, a sea-going ship in size; (4) way of growth, shape (líkr e-m á vöxt ok viðbragð); (5) condition, state, the circumstance of a case (hann sagði honum alla vöxtu, sem á vóru um þeira eyrendi); svá er mál með vexti, at, the case stands so that.

vöxtuligr, a. big, of great size.

vözt (pl. vaztir), f., see ‘vaztir’.