obláta, f. sacramental wafer.
odda-maðr, m. overman (who gives the casting vote); umpire.
odd-hagr, a. skilled in wood-carving; -hending, f. the first rhyming syllable, when at the beginning of a line; -hvass, a. sharp-pointed.
oddi, m. (1) triangle, point of land; (2) odd number; fig., standast (skerast) í odda, to be at odds, at variance.
oddr (-s, -ar), m. (1) point of a weapon; með oddi ok eggju, with point and edge, at the sword’s point, by force (heimta, eyða e-t með oddi ok eggju); brjóta odd af oflæti sínu, to break the point of one’s pride, to humble oneself; (2) spear (fölvir oddar); (3) spur (þótt vér jói óra oddum keyrum); (4) leader (hann var o. ok œsir fyrir þessum úráðum); (5) the front (hann hafði yxnum skipat í odd á liði sínu).
odd-viti, m. leader, chief (-viti liðs-ins, fyrir liðinu).
of, prep. (1) with dat. and acc., over = yfir (fara of fjöll; sitja of borði); of time, = um; of haust or of haustum, in the autumn; of aptaninn, in the evening; of hríð, for a while; of allt, always; (2) with acc. of, about (bera vitni of e-t); (3) in a casual sense, poet.; of sanna sök, for a just cause, justly.
of, an enclitic particle, chiefly placed before verbs; ek drykk of gat ens dýra mjaðar, I got a draught of the precious mead.
of, n. (1) great quantity, number; of fjár, immensity of wealth; of liðs, a vast host of men; (2) excess; við of, to excess; þótti hirðmönnum hans við of, they thought it was beyond measure; (3) pride, conceit (kirkjan verðr eigi svá mikil, at þar muni of þitt allt í liggja).
of, adv. (1) with adjectives and adverbs; too; of gamall, ungr, langr, stuttr, too old, young, long, short; of mjök, too much; of lengi, too long; (2) with the neuter of a past part. over-much, too much; hafa of drukkit, to have drunk too much; hafa of gört, to have transgressed; hafa of mælt, to have said too much; hafa of tekið við e-n, to have gone too far.
ofan, adv. (1) from above, down, downwards; falla o., to fall down; taka o. húsin, to pull down the house; (2) on the uppermost part, at the top (klettrinn var víðr o.); (3) above the surface of, with gen. (o. jarðar); (4) with preps., o. af, down from (o. af landi); o. á or o., down upon (leggr Refr á hann o. aptr klæðin, ok þar leggst Álfdís o. á klæðin); besides (á þetta o. allt gerði hann suðr at oss þrettán skútur); þola hverja skömm á aðra o., to bear one disgrace after another; o. á or á o., to boot, into the bargain, = þar á o.; o. eptir, down along (reið hann þá o. eptir dal); o. frá, below (var verkr í enni hœgri kinn o. frá auganu); o. fyrir, down over (hann féll dauðr o. fyrir klettinn); fyrir ofan, above (arfasáta, er hér stendr fyrir o. húsin); steinveggr var fyrir o., above, higher up.
ofan-fall, n. (1) downfall; (2) downpour of rain (var veðrátta ill ok -föll); -för, -ganga, f. descending, descent; -högg, n. cutting down; -reið, f. riding downwards.
ofan-verðr, a. (1) the upper, uppermost, opp. to ‘neðanverðr’; hann hjó í -verðan skjöldinn, in the uppermost part of the shield; á -verðu fjallinu, on the top of the mountain; breiðr at -verðu, broad at the top; (2) of time, in the later part of a period, opp. to ‘öndverðr’; -verða nótt, towards the end of the night, late in the night; á -verðum dögum Haralds, in the later part of the reign of King Harold.
ofar-la, -liga, adv. (1) high up, in the upper part (-liga í dalnum); þeim mun í brún bregða ok -liga klæja, they will make a wry face and their pates will tingle; fig., bíta e-m -la, to bite one sharply; (2) of time, towards the end of a certain period; -liga á dögum Ólafs konungs, in the later part of the reign of King Olaf (= á ofanverðum dögum).
ofarr, adv. compar. (1) higher up (annat augat mun o. en annat); fig., lát eigi o. koma þessa fólsku, let not this nonsense go farther; (2) later, move advanced in time; (3) o. meirr = ofarr; ofarst, adv. superl. highest, uppermost.
of-át, n. over-eating, gluttony; -beldi, n. violence, overbearing; -bræði, f. passion, rashness; -dirfð, f. foolhardiness, impudence.
ofdirfðar-fullr, -samr, a. foolhardy, impudent.
of-dramb, n. arrogance, conceit.
ofdrambs-fullr, a. arrogant.
of-drykkja, f. indulgence in drink.
ofdrykkju-maðr, m. drunkard.
of-dul, f. too great conceit; -dulinn, a. self-conceited; -dyri, n. ‘over-door’, lintel; -fari, a. having gone too far; verða offari við e-n, to transgress against one; -fors, n. presumption.
offr, n. offering (fórnir eða offr; offr hins heilaga Ólafs).
offra (að), v. (1) to make an offering, sacrifice (o. e-m e-t); (2) to make a gift, to present; o. e-m e-u (hann offraði miklu fé til grafar drottins).
of-framsœkni, f. over-temptation; -fylli, f. surfeit, gluttony; -gangr, m. excess; ganga ofgangi (-göngum) yfir e-n, to tyrannize; -gangsi, a. over-prevailing; -gœðakostr, m. great advantage; -harmr, m. excessive grief; -hiti, m. excessive heat; -hlátr, m. immoderate laughter; -jarl, m. ‘over-earl’, over-match (verða mér sumir ofjarlar hér í heraðinu); -kapp, n. stubbornness; -kátr, a. overbearing, wanton; -kerski, f. excessive petulance; -kvæni, n. domineering of a wife; -kæti, f. wantonness; -láti, m. a vain, showy person; -látligr, a. showy; -léttliga, adv. promptly; -léttr, a. prompt, easy, ready; -leyfingi, m. a person made too much of; -lið, n. = ofrlið; -ljótr, a. hideous; -læti, n. arrogance; -maðr, m. over-match; vera e-m ofmaðr, to be more than a match for; -magn, n. = oflið; bera e-n ofmagni, to overpower.
ofmetnaðar-fullr, a. full of pride; -maðr, m. overproud man; -samligr, a. arrogant (-samlig orð).
of-metnaðr, m. pride, arrogance; -metnast (að), v. to pride oneself; -munúð, f. sensuality; -mælgi, f. excessive loquacity; -mæli, n. exaggeration (er þat ok ekki ofmæli, at).
ofn (-s, -ar), m. oven, furnace.
of-neyzla, f. intemperance.
ofn-grjót, n. oven-stones; -reykr, m. smoke from an oven.
ofra (að), v. (1) to brandish, wave in the air, with dat. (o. vápnum sínum); (2) to raise, lift (o. líkam hins helga Ólafs); þegar er sólu var ofrat, as soon as the sun had risen; o. sér, to raise the head, appear (líðr þá eigi langt áðr gömul úhlýðni ofrar sér); (3) refl., ofrast, to become known (Guðmundr vildi eigi þat o. láta); to pride oneself (af e-u).
ofraðar-maðr, m. a notable man; -rangr, a. exceedingly perverse; -synd, f. pride, presumption; -vel, exceedingly well; -þrekmaðr, m. an exceeding strong (courageous) man.
ofraðr (gen. -ar), m. notification, disclosure; bera e-t á ofrað, to make known, divulge.
ofr-afl, n. = ofrefli, ofríki.
ofran, f. pride, self-assumption.
ofr-ást, f. passionate love.
of-raun, f. too great a trial, too severe a test; -rausn, f. presumption; -ráð, n. (1) too great a task (þótti honum þetta ofráð vera); (2) too high a match (Þorsteinn kvað sér þat ofráð).
ofr-dýrr, a. over-dear; -efli, n. (1) overwhelming force (þessi maðr brýzt í móti miklu ofrefli); (2) Oddr kvað sér þat eigi ofrefli, O. said it was not beyond his strength; (3) excess, immensity (ofrefli frosts ok kulda).
ofreflis-maðr, m. powerful man.
of-refsan, f. too great severity in punishing; -rembingr, m. arrogant person; -reyna (-da, -dr), v. to put to too severe a test; ofreyna sik, to overstrain oneself.
ofr-fé, n. immensity of goods; -fjöldi, m. immense host; -gangr, m. = ofgangr; -garpr, m. overdaring man; -gjold, n. pl. dire retribution; -harmr, m. overwhelming sorrow; -hefnd, f. fearful vengeance; -hiti, m. excessive heat; -hugi, m. (1) a fearless, daring man; (2) = -hugr; -hugr, m. dauntless courage.
of-ríki, n. overbearing, tyranny.
ofríkis-maðr, m. overbearing man.
ofr-kapp, n. excessive zeal, stubbornness (verja mál með -kappi).
ofrkapps-fullr, a. overbearing; -maðr, m. overbearing man.
ofr-kuldi, m. excessive cold; -lengi, adv. very long; -lið, n. overwhelming force; bera e-n ofrliði, to overpower; -liga, adv. exceedingly (ofrliga fagr); -ligr, a. excessive; -menni, n. mighty champion; -mikill, a. very great; -mælgi, f. great babbling or vaunting; -mæli, n. = yrði; -skjótt, adv. very soon; -verkr, m. violent ache or pain; -yrða (-ða, -ðr), v. to address in big words; -yrði, n. high words; -þraut, f. hard trial; -þungi, m. crushing weight; -ölvi, a. having over-drunk, the worse for drink.
ofsa (að), v. to puff oneself up, be arrogant (o. sér til vansa); refl., ofsast, to grow unruly (Jupiter þótti fólkit ofsast).
ofsa-harðr, a. extremely hard, severe (-hörð veðr); -maðr, m. overbearing man; -mikill, a. excessively great.
ofsi, m. overbearing, tyranny.
of-sjónir, f. pl., sjá ofsjónum yfir e-u, to look down upon, despise (sér þú nú ofsjónum yfir flestum bústöðum).
ofskaps-maðr, m. proud man.
of-skemtan, f. excessive pleasure; -skvaldr, n. excess of talking; -skynja, a. indecl. looking down upon (vera e-m ofskynja); -sókn, f. persecution.
ofstopa-maðr, m. overbearing man.
of-stopi, m. overbearing arrogance; -stýri, n. unmanageable thing; -stœki, n. ferocity, vehemence; -stœri, n. haughtiness, pride; -sœkja (see sœkja), v. to persecute; -sœkjandi, m. persecutor; -sögn, f. exaggeration; -sögur, f. pl. exaggeration; eigi má ofsögum segja frá vitsmunum þínum, your intelligence cannot be too highly praised; -tekja, f. taking too much to oneself; -tign, f. too great honour; -vald, n. = -ríki; -veðr, n. = -viðri; -verkr, m. excessive pain; -viðri, n. violent gale; -vilnan, f. conceit, presumption; -virðing, f. too great honour; -vægiligr, -vægr, a. immense, overwhelming; -væni, n. anxious expectation; -þrá, f. immoderate lust; -þögli, f. stubborn silence.
ok, conj. (1) and; bæði … ok, both … and (b. er hann vitr ok framgjarn); (2) in comparison, as, and; sami maðr ok áðr, the same man as before; nú fór Svíum allt á eina leið ok Dönum, it went with the Swedes in the same way as with the Danes; þat er mjök sundrleitt (úlíkt) ok kristnir menn gøra, it differs much from what Christians do; (3) of an adversative character, and yet, but (hann var særðr mörgum sárum ok engum stórum); (4) introducing the apodosis, then = þá; esp. in the old laws; ef sá maðr (etc.) …, ok verðr hann útlagr, then he shall pay; (5) used for the relative particle ‘er’; at höllu hann kom ok átti Íms faðir, which belonged to Im’s father; Geirröðr konungr átti þá son, ok hét Agnarr, who was called A.; (6) also (hann heyrir ok þat, er gras vex á jörðu).
ok, n. yoke; domination.
oka (að), v. to bring under the yoke, to subjugate.
okaðr, pp. joined by a cross-piece.
oki, m. cross-piece (cf. ‘hurðar-oki’).
okkarr, poss. pron. our, in dual; hvárrgi o., neither of us two.
okr, n. usury; -karl, m. usurer.
olea (að), v. to anoint, administer extreme unction to.
olean, f. extreme unction.
olifa, f., olifu-tré, n. olive-tree.
oman, n. boss on a sword.
opa (að), v. to retreat, go back (also, opa undan, á hæl). Cf. ‘hopa’.
opin-bera (að), v. to manifest, reveal; -berliga, adv. openly, in public; -berligr, -berr, a. manifest, public; -eygðr, -eygr, a. open-eyed; -mynntr, a. open-mouthed.
opinn, a. (1) open (o. nummr, opin hurð, opit lopt); koma e-m í opna skjöldu, to take one in the rear; (2) resupine, on the back, opp. to ‘á grúfu’ (hann lét binda hann o. á slá eina); (3) open, undecided (E. segir eigi sið, at mál stœði opin).
opin-spjallr, a. outspoken, free-spoken (var S. óðlátr ok -spjallr).
opna (að), v. to open (hann lét o. hauginn); refl., opnast, to be opened.
opna, f. opening, crater.
opt, adv. often, frequently; compar., optarr, oftener; superl., optast, oftenest, most frequently.
opt-leiki, m. frequency; -liga, adv. often, frequently; -ligr, a. frequent; -samligr, a. frequent; -sinnis, adv. many times; -sinnis, -sinnum, adv. oftentimes.
orð, n. (1) word; ef maðr mælir nökkuru orði í mót, if a man speaks a word against it; segja í sínu orði hvárt, to say one thing in one breath and another in the next; taka til orða, to begin to speak; kveða at orði, to say, utter; hafa við o., to hint at; vel orði farinn, well-spoken, eloquent; fornkveðit o., an old saw; (2) word, repute, report (gott, illt o.); fyrir orðs sakir, because of what people might say; leggja e-t til orðs, to talk about; þótt okkr sé þat til orðs lagit, although we are blamed for it; (3) message (senda, gøra e-m o.).
orða (að), v. to talk of (var þetta brátt orðat, at O. fífldi Sigrídi).
orða-ákast, n. altercation; -dráttr, m. (1) talk (illr -dráttr); (2) drawling; -framburðr, m. utterance; -framkast, n. chance proposal; -fullting, n. speaking well for one; -glœsur, f. pl. showy words; -grein, f. phrase; -hagr, a. skilled, expert in words; -hald, n. keeping one’s word; -heimtingar, -hendingar, f. pl. bandying words; -hjaldr, m. verbiage; -hnippingar, f. pl. altercations; -lag, n. manner of speaking, expression; -lauss, a. wordless; láta -laust, to be silent; -leiðing, f. pronunciation; -lengd, f. length of a verse; -maðr, m. eloquent man; -samr, a. wordy, long-winded; -semi, f. verbiage, loquacity; -skak, n. scolding; -skil, n. pl. distinction of words (ekki nam -skil); -skipan, f. the order of words; -skipti, n. pl. exchange of words (eiga -skipti við e-n); -skrap, -skrum, n. bragging; -snild, f. eloquence; -staðr, m., gørðu Svíar þá kurr mikinn ok mælti hverr í -stað annars, all spoke at once (or in one way?); -sveimr, m. rumour; -tiltekja, f. utterance, language; -tœki, n., -tœkja, f., -tök, n. pl. mode of expression.
orð-bæginn, a. taunting; -djarfr, a. outspoken; -fall, n., e-m verðr -fall, one is struck dumb; -farinn, a., vel-farinn, eloquent; -fár, a. using few words; -ferli, n. expression, utterance; -fimi, f. skill in words; -fimr, a. of easy, flowing speech; -fjöldi, m. supply of words (heyja sér -fjölda); -flaug, f. floating rumour; -fleyting, f. rumour; -fleyttr, pp. rumoured; -fœri, n. or f. (1) style (of a composition); (2) flow of words, eloquence; -fœrliga, adv. glibly; -fœerr, a. well-spoken, eloquent; -gífr, n. termagant; -gnótt, f. flow of words; -góðr, a. speaking well of everybody; -gætinn, a. wary in one’s words, reserved; -hagr, a. skilled in the use of words; -hákr, m. abusive person; -hegi, f. skill in words; -heill, f. (1) good omen; (2) report (eigi hafa þau góða -heill); -hittinn, a. facetious; -hvass, a. sharp-tongued; -igr, a. wordy, copious; -illr, a. speaking evil of others; -kringi, f. glibness of tongue; -krókar, m. pl. sophistry; -lag, n. (1) way of speaking, talk, language; (2) report (afla sér góðs -lags); -lauss, a. wordless; láta -laust, to be silent about; -lof, n. praise (vinsæld ok -lof); -margr, a. long-winded; -nœfr, a. witty; -rammr, a. powerful in words; -rómr, m. report, public opinion (sá -rómr lagðist á); -rœða, f. talk, discussion; bar saman -rœðu þeirra jarls ok Finnboga, the earl and F. had an interview; -rœða (-dda, -ddr), v. to talk of; -sending, f. message; -sjúkr, a. ‘word-sick’, touchy; -skár, a. = -havss; -skrípi, skræpi, -skrök, n. objectionable language.
orðs-kviðr, m. (1) proverb, saw; (2) report (huggast við góðan -kvið).
orð-slunginn, -slœgr, a. cunning in words; -snild, -snilli, f. eloquence; -snjallr, a. eloquent; -spakr, a. wise-spoken; -speki, f. wisdom in words; -stef, n. notice, mention; hafa e-n í -stefi, to speak of one; -stiltr, a. moderate in one’s words.
orðs-tírr, m. fame, renown, good report (falla við góðan orðstír).
orð-stórr, a. using big words; -svif, n. rumour; -svinnr, a. = -spakr; -sæll, a. enjoying a good reputation; -tak, n. (1) phrase, expression (þat er -tak, at sá er týhraustr); (2) watchword (þá skulu vér hafa allir eitt -tak: fram, fram Kristmenn); (3) speech, words, way of speaking; þá fellust öllum Ásum -tök, words failed them, they were struck dumb; þat var eitt -tak allra, all said the same; Gunnarr heyrði öll -tökin, G. heard every word they said; hafa -tak við e-n, to have a talk with one; -tœki, n. = -tak; -vandr, a. sensitive (particular) as to other’s words (þarft þú eigi svá -vönd at vera).
orðvarps-maðr, m. spokesman.
orð-varr, a. watchful of one’s tongue, discreet; -víss, a. witty, clever.
orf, n. scythe-handle, snath.
organ, n. organ.
organs-list, f. art of organ-playing; -meistari, m. organist; organ-builder.
orka (að), v. (1) to be able to do; önnur vann allt þat, er hón orkaði, the other worked all that she could; with da., þó hyggst hann einn munu öllu o., yet he thinks he can do everything himself; allt þat lið, er vápnum mátti o., all those who could wield weapons; (2) with gen. of the thing, o. e-m e-s, to cause, effect; mér orkar þat margra vandræða, it causes me much trouble; þetta mun o. tíðenda, this will give something to speak about; allt orkar tvímælis þá er gört er, there are two sides to everything that is done; impers., jafnan orkar tvímælis, þó at hefnt sé; (3) with preps., o. at e-u, to act, proceed with, do; þeir rœða nú um með sér, hversu at skal o., what is to be done; o. á e-t, to work on, have effect on (var þat þó lengi, at eigi orkaði eldr á Þórólf); hann mátti engu á o., he could do nothing; o. orða á e-n, to make one speak; o. til e-s, to prepare (o. til veizlu); o. á, to begin; orkum ekki á fyrri, let us not be the first to attack; (4) refl., orkast at e-u, to exert oneself in a thing; to set about doing something (hversu hann skyldi at o. at segja föður sínum þessi tíðendi); o. hugar á at gøra e-t, to make up one’s mind to do a thing; honum þótti seint á o., he thougth it went slowly.
orka, f. (1) strength, power for work (orkan þvarr, því at ellin sótti á hendr honum); (2) work.
orkn, n. a kind of seal; cf. ‘örkn’.
Orkn-eyjar, f. pl., the Orkneys.
orku-fátt, a. n. failing in strength (honum varð orkufátt); -maðr, m. labourer; -vana, a. indecl. bereft or destitute of strength.
or-lof, n. permission, leave (ek vil beiðast, herra! at þér gefir mér orlof at fara til Íslands); orlof til brottferðar, leave to depart.
orlofa (að), v. to allow.
orlofs-bréf, n. writ of permission; -laust, a. n. without leave.
orma-bœli, n. abode of snakes; -garðr, m. snake-pen; -látr, n. = orma-bæli.
orm-beðr, m. poet. snake’s lair; -beðseldr, gold; -garðr, m. = ormagarðr (G. lét hann kasta í ormgarð); -ligr, a. fig. sly, cunning.
ormr (-s, -ar), m. snake, serpent.
orms-bit, n. snake-bite; -tunga, f. snake’s tongue, a nickname.
orna (að), v. (1) to warm; o. sér, to warm oneself (lát hann o. sér ok fari síðan til sels); impers., ornar e-m, one gets warm; (2) to get warm (svá tekr brunnrinn at o.).
orri, m. heathcock.
orrosta, f. battle.
orrostu-laust, adv. without battle; -lok, n. pl. issue, end of a battle; -maðr, m. warrior; -slög, n. pl. battles; -staðr, m. battle-place.
oss-, poss. pron. our, = várr (at vilja ossum, í hendr ossar, etc.).
ost-hleifr, m. a cheese; -hlutr, m. slice of cheese; -kista, f. cheese-press.
ostr (-s, -ar), m. cheese.
ostra, f. oyster.
ota (að), v. to push, with dat.; o. sér fram, to thrust oneself forward (Þórir otar sér fram milli manna).
otr (gen. otrs, pl. otrar), m. otter.
otr-belgr, m. otter-skin; -gjöld, n. pl., poet. gold; -hundr, m. otter-hound.
oxa-höfuð, n. head of an ox.
oxi (pl. øxn), m. ox = uxi.